Methodological Approaches to Assessing Tobacco Health Warnings.
Methodological Approaches to Assessing Tobacco Health Warnings.
复制标题
评估烟草健康警告的方法。
DOI：
10.1093/ntr/ntx165
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Maynard OM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Maynard OM
美国在1966年推出了世界上第一个香烟包装上的健康警告，而加拿大直到2001年才推出世界上第一个图形警告。今天，超过100个国家和司法管辖区在香烟包装上有强制性的图片警告。虽然有证据强烈表明，应使用图片警告，而不是纯文字警告，1陪审团仍然是什么类型的图片和信息是最有效的。本月的文章使用了一系列方法，包括在线实验，眼动追踪研究和纵向调查，不仅研究了哪些健康警告应该用于香烟包装，还研究了无烟烟草产品，电子烟，烟草广告和香烟本身。在一项大型在线研究中，埃文斯和同事2向成年和青少年吸烟者展示了一个纯文本警告，相同的文本与低情感图片或相同的文本与高情感图片。与该领域的许多研究不同，参与者在两周内多次查看健康警告，这更好地复制了吸烟者在真实的生活中与健康警告的互动方式。作者发现，对警告的更大情绪反应与吸烟风险感知的增加有关，这反过来又与戒烟意愿的增加有关。有趣的是，虽然高情绪的图片引起了最大的情绪反应，但低情绪的图片警告引起的情绪反应甚至低于纯文本警告。这一重要发现表明，简单地将任何图片放在警告上并不足以增加风险认知和戒烟意图;图片的内容至关重要。
While the United States introduced the world’s first health warning on cigarette packs in 1966, it took until 2001 for Canada to introduce the world’s first pictorial warning. Today, over 100 countries and jurisdictions have mandatory pictorial warnings on cigarette packs. While evidence strongly suggests that pictorial warnings should be used rather than text-only warnings, 1 the jury is still out on which types of pictures and messages are most effective. The articles in this month’s issue use a range of methodologies, including online experiments, eye-tracking studies, and longitudinal surveys, to examine not only which health warnings should be used on cigarette packs but also on smokeless tobacco products, e-cigarettes, tobacco advertisements, and the cigarettes themselves.In a large online study, Evans and colleagues 2 showed adult and adolescent smokers either a text-only warning, the same text with a low-emotion pictorial or the same text with a high-emotion pictorial. Unlike many studies in this field, participants viewed the health warnings multiple times over a 2-week period, which better replicates how smokers interact with health warnings in real life. The authors find that a greater emotional response to the warnings was related to increased risk perceptions of smoking, which in turn was related to increased quit intentions. Interestingly, while high-emotion pictorials elicited the greatest emotional response, the low-emotion pictorial warnings elicited an emotional response even lower than the text-only warnings. This important finding suggests that simply placing any pictorial on warnings is not sufficient to increase risk perceptions and intentions to quit; the content of the pictorial is crucial.
利用自我肯定来增强情绪健康警告对吸烟的影响：一项随机探索性试验
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
K. Memish;Natalie Schüz;M. Frandsen;S. G. Ferguson;B. Schüz
通讯作者：
B. Schüz