Child dysentery in the Limpopo Valley: a cohort study of water, sanitation and hygiene risk factors
Child dysentery in the Limpopo Valley: a cohort study of water, sanitation and hygiene risk factors
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DOI：
10.2166/wh.2009.032
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发表时间：
2009-06-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Potgieter, Natasha
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gundry, Stephen W.;Wright, James A.;Potgieter, Natasha
这项队列研究的目的是评估儿童痢疾和水样腹泻的危险因素。该研究的参与者包括南非和津巴布韦农村地区的254名12至24个月大的儿童，他们的家庭饮用水是从公共水源收集的。主要的结果是最严重的腹泻发作：痢疾，水样腹泻或无。对于痢疾，饮用自来水而非自来水的相对风险比为3.8（95%CI 1.5-9.8）。水源水质差，如大肠杆菌计数为10 cfu/100 ml（-1）或以上，则风险增加2.9（1.5-5.7）。没有其他重大的危险因素痢疾和水腹泻。在这项研究中，地方性痢疾只与水源的粪便污染有关。除竖管外的其他来源，包括改良地下水，风险更大。根据千年发展目标7，需要通过在水源或家庭内进行处理来补救水质，以实现安全饮用水的可及性。
The objective of this cohort study was to assess risk factors for child dysentery and watery diarrhoea. The study participants consisted of 254 children aged 12-24 months in rural South Africa and Zimbabwe in households where drinking water was collected from communal sources. The main outcome measure was the most severe diarrhoea episode: dysentery, watery diarrhoea or none. For dysentery, drinking water from sources other than standpipes had a relative risk ratio of 3.8 (95% CI 1.5-9.8). Poor source water quality, as indicated by Escherichia coli counts of 10 or more cfu 100 ml(-1), increased risk by 2.9 (1.5-5.7). There were no other significant risk factors for dysentery and none for watery diarrhoea. In this study, endemic dysentery is associated only with faecal contamination of source water. Sources other than standpipes, including improved groundwater, are of greater risk. Remediation of water quality by treatment at source or in the household will be required to achieve access to safe drinking water in accordance with the 7th Millennium Development Goal.