Aging of fuel-containing materials (fuel debris) in the Chornobyl (Chernobyl) Nuclear Power Plant and its implication for the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station
Aging of fuel-containing materials (fuel debris) in the Chornobyl (Chernobyl) Nuclear Power Plant and its implication for the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jnucmat.2022.154224
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发表时间：
2022-12
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
T. Kitagaki;V. A. Krasnov;A. Ikeda-Ohno
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Kitagaki;V. A. Krasnov;A. Ikeda-Ohno
核燃料碎片是核电站严重事故后形成的碎片，是一种含有多种元素、化合物和辐射的复杂物质。这种复杂性使得核燃料碎片处理的所有阶段（包括清除、储存和（临时和最终）处置）在技术背景下都变得极其困难和麻烦。整个核燃料碎片的处理也是一个极其漫长的过程，长达数万年。在这段极长的时间内，核燃料碎片的老化是一个不可避免但至关重要的问题，因为老化可能会改变燃料碎片的物理/化学性质，从而可能影响燃料碎片处理的策略和规划。不用说，这也适用于福岛第一核电站（1F）受损反应堆的退役。为了估计老化对受损 1F 反应堆中残留的核燃料碎片的潜在影响，切尔诺贝利核电站 4 号机组 (ChNPP-4) 的严重事故是有关核燃料材料老化的独特且有价值的信息来源。在此背景下，本文旨在结合1F退役的情况，收集和总结ChNPP-4事故所形成的含核燃料材料（FCM）老化的知识和信息。 ChNPP-4 的 FCM 老化根据其来源（物理、化学或生物）和周围条件（温度、湿度和辐射）进行分类。基于这种分类和从 ChNPP-4 收集的知识/信息，讨论了老化对 1F 核燃料碎片的潜在影响。
Nuclear fuel debris, the debris formed after the severe accidents of nuclear power plants, is a complex material containing a wide range of elements, compounds, and radiation. This complexity renders all the stages of the treatment of nuclear fuel debris (including removal, storage, and (interim- and final) disposal) extremely difficult and troublesome in the technical context. The whole treatment of nuclear fuel debris is also an extremely long-term process for tens of thousands of years. During this extremely long period of time, the aging of nuclear fuel debris is an unavoidable but critical issue, as the aging could change the physical/chemical properties of the fuel debris and, consequently, could potentially affect the strategy and planning of the treatment of the fuel debris. This, needless to say, applies to the decommissioning of the damaged reactors of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (1F). In order to estimate the potential effects of aging on the nuclear fuel debris remaining in the damaged 1F reactors, the severe accident at the Chornobyl (Chernobyl) Nuclear Power Plant Unit 4 (ChNPP-4) is a unique and valuable source of information on the aging of materials containing nuclear fuels. Given this background, this review aims at collecting and summarizing the knowledge and information about the aging of materials containing nuclear fuels (fuel-containing materials, FCM) formed as a result of the accident at ChNPP-4 in the light of the decommissioning of 1F. The aging on FCM at ChNPP-4 is classified according to its origin (physical, chemical, or biological) and surrounding conditions (temperature, humidity, and radiation). Based on this classification and the knowledge/information collected from ChNPP-4, the potential effects of aging on the nuclear fuel debris at 1F are discussed.