Organization and Postembryonic Development of Glial Cells in the Adult Central Brain of Drosophila
Organization and Postembryonic Development of Glial Cells in the Adult Central Brain of Drosophila
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.4844-08.2008
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发表时间：
2008-12-17
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Lee, Tzumin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Awasaki, Takeshi;Lai, Sen-Lin;Lee, Tzumin
胶质细胞存在于整个神经系统中，在神经发育和功能的各个方面发挥着重要作用。不同类型的神经胶质可能支配不同的神经胶质功能。为了确定胶质细胞的作用，需要系统的表征胶质细胞的多样性和发展。在成年果蝇的中央脑，我们确定五种不同类型的神经胶质细胞的基础上，其位置，形态，标记物的表达，和发展。神经束膜和神经束膜下胶质细胞位于大脑表面的两个独立的单细胞层中，皮质胶质细胞在神经元细胞体所在的大脑皮质中形成胶质网，而成鞘胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞样胶质细胞则分别包裹和渗透到神经髓鞘中。克隆分析表明，不同的神经胶质细胞类型来自不同的前体，大多数成年神经束膜，鞘，和星形胶质细胞样胶质细胞胚胎发生后产生。值得注意的是，神经束膜神经胶质细胞是在大脑表面局部形成的，而不涉及gcm（神经胶质细胞缺失）。相反，广泛分布的成鞘细胞和星形胶质细胞样胶质细胞以gcm依赖的方式来源于特定的大脑区域。本研究记录了成年果蝇大脑中神经胶质的多样性，并证明了不同类型神经胶质衍生的不同发育程序的参与。它为研究果蝇脑中胶质细胞的发育和功能奠定了必要的基础。
Glial cells exist throughout the nervous system, and play essential roles in various aspects of neural development and function. Distinct types of glia may govern diverse glial functions. To determine the roles of glia requires systematic characterization of glia diversity and development. In the adult Drosophila central brain, we identify five different types of glia based on its location, morphology, marker expression, and development. Perineurial and subperineurial glia reside in two separate single-cell layers on the brain surface, cortex glia form a glial mesh in the brain cortex where neuronal cell bodies reside, while ensheathing and astrocyte-like glia enwrap and infiltrate into neuropils, respectively. Clonal analysis reveals that distinct glial types derive from different precursors, and that most adult perineurial, ensheathing, and astrocyte-like glia are produced after embryogenesis. Notably, perineurial glial cells are made locally on the brain surface without the involvement of gcm (glial cell missing). In contrast, the widespread ensheathing and astrocyte-like glia derive from specific brain regions in a gcm-dependent manner. This study documents glia diversity in the adult fly brain and demonstrates involvement of different developmental programs in the derivation of distinct types of glia. It lays an essential foundation for studying glia development and function in the Drosophila brain.