Working memory and language: an overview
Working memory and language: an overview
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/s0021-9924(03)00019-4
复制
发表时间：
2003-05-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Baddeley, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baddeley, A
工作记忆包括对信息的临时存储和操作，这被认为是广泛的复杂认知活动所必需的。1974年，Baddeley和Hitch提出，它可以分为三个子系统，一个与口头和声学信息有关，语音回路，第二个，视觉空间草图板提供视觉等效，而两者都依赖于第三个注意力有限的控制系统，即中央执行系统。最近提出了第四个子系统，即情景缓冲。这些被依次描述，特别是涉及语言的正常处理及其潜在障碍的含义。学习成果：向读者介绍多成分工作记忆的概念。我们将特别强调语音回路成分，以及(a)它分成存储和处理成分，(b)这种区分的神经心理学证据，以及(c)它对母语和第二语言学习的影响。接下来是(d)对视觉空间画板及其在语言中可能发挥的作用的简要概述，最后(e)讨论工作记忆的高级控制功能，包括(f)中央执行区及其多维存储系统，即情景缓冲区。在整个过程中，作者试图将该模型与其在正常和无序语言功能中的作用联系起来。(C) 2003爱思唯尔科学有限公司版权所有。
Working memory involves the temporary storage and manipulation of information that is assumed to be necessary for a wide range of complex cognitive activities. In 1974, Baddeley and Hitch proposed that it could be divided into three subsystems, one concerned with verbal and acoustic information, the phonological loop, a second, the visuospatial sketchpad providing its visual equivalent, while both are dependent upon a third attentionally-limited control system, the central executive. A fourth subsystem, the episodic buffer, has recently been proposed. These are described in turn, with particular reference to implications for both the normal processing of language, and its potential disorders.Learning outcomes: The reader will be introduced to the concept of a multi-component working memory. Particular emphasis will be placed on the phonological loop component, and (a) its fractionation into a storage and processing component, (b) the neuropsychological evidence for this distinction, and (c) its implication for both native and second language learning. This will be followed by (d) a brief overview of the visuospatial sketchpad and its possible role in language, culminating in (e) discussion of the higher-level control functions of working memory which include (f) the central executive and its multidimensional storage system, the episodic buffer. An attempt throughout is made to link the model to its role in both normal and disordered language functions. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.