Effect-based methods are key. The European Collaborative Project SOLUTIONS recommends integrating effect-based methods for diagnosis and monitoring of water quality
Effect-based methods are key. The European Collaborative Project SOLUTIONS recommends integrating effect-based methods for diagnosis and monitoring of water quality
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DOI：
10.1186/s12302-019-0192-2
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发表时间：
2019-02-08
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Altenburger, Rolf
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brack, Werner;Ait Aissa, Selim;Altenburger, Rolf
目前对水体化学状况的监测和评估未能描述复杂的化学混合物影响水质的可能性。欧洲合作项目解决方案表明，可以使用基于效果的方法（EBM）并辅以化学筛选和/或影响建模来估计这种可能性。这些方法应用于确定水质受影响的原因并制定改善水质的措施计划。沿着这一思路，建议采用基于效果的方法进行水框架指令（WFD）监测，以涵盖环境相关化学品的主要作用模式，以便评估实施措施后水质的改善情况。为此，建议进行最低限度的生物测定，包括对藻类、水蚤和鱼类胚胎的短期毒性，并辅以作用模式特定效应的体外和短期体内测试，作为长期毒性的替代指标。不利影响的可能性可以通过基于效果的触发值来确定，该触发值与个别化学品的环境质量标准密切一致，区分良好水质和较差水质，同时考虑混合物毒性。 WFD 建议使用 EBM 作为确定欧洲水系统化学污染造成不利影响的可能性的一种途径。本文件是一系列政策简报的一部分，旨在支持 WFD 下的水质监测和管理决策。
The present monitoring and assessment of the chemical status of water bodies fail to characterize the likelihood that complex mixtures of chemicals affect water quality. The European Collaborative Project SOLUTIONS suggests that this likelihood can be estimated with effect-based methods (EBMs) complemented by chemical screening and/or impact modeling. These methods should be used to identify the causes of impacted water quality and to develop programs of measures to improve water quality. Along this line of reasoning, effect-based methods are recommended for Water Framework Directive (WFD) monitoring to cover the major modes of action in the universe of environmentally relevant chemicals so as to evaluate improvements of water quality upon implementing the measures. To this end, a minimum battery of bioassays has been recommended including short-term toxicity to algae, Daphnia and fish embryos complemented with in vitro and short-term in vivo tests on mode-of-action specific effects as proxies for long-term toxicity. The likelihood of adverse impacts can be established with effect-based trigger values, which differentiate good from poor water quality in close alignment with Environmental Quality Standards for individual chemicals, while taking into account mixture toxicity. The use of EBMs is suggested in the WFD as one avenue to establish the likelihood of adverse effects due to chemical pollution in European water systems. The present paper has been written as one component of a series of policy briefs to support decisions on water quality monitoring and management under the WFD.