Modeling of Escherichia coli Fluxes on a Catchment and the Impact on Coastal Water and Shellfish Quality
Modeling of Escherichia coli Fluxes on a Catchment and the Impact on Coastal Water and Shellfish Quality
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00520.x
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发表时间：
2011-04-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Pommepuy, Monique
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bougeard, Morgane;Le Saux, Jean-Claude;Pommepuy, Monique
模拟流域大肠杆菌负荷的影响对于评估河口水质非常有意义，特别是在有贝类养殖或沐浴活动的地区。为此，本研究调查了基于土壤和水评估工具 (SWAT) 与水动力模型 (MARS 2D；IFREMER) 相结合的模型关联。应用在 Daoulas 地区（法国）的流域和河口进行。将 SWAT 模拟的每日大肠杆菌通量作为 MARS 2D 模型的输入，计算河口水体和贝类中的大肠杆菌浓度。模型验证基于频率比较：计算值和测量值的大肠杆菌浓度与河流质量 (r2 = 0.99) 和贝类质量 (r2 = 0.89) 之间存在密切关系。该研究的主要结果之一是农业实践和降雨事件对流域大肠杆菌通量快速大幅波动（24 小时内达到三个数量级）的重要影响。海水质量下降的响应时间为重大降雨事件（大于10毫米/天）后的1至2天，河口水质恢复良好的时间也主要取决于降雨的持续时间。在河口，三种效应（降雨、潮汐稀释和粪便传播）已被确定为重要影响。
The simulation of the impact of Escherichia coli loads from watersheds is of great interest for assessing estuarine water quality, especially in areas with shellfish aquaculture or bathing activities. For this purpose, this study investigates a model association based on the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) coupled with a hydrodynamic model (MARS 2D; IFREMER). Application was performed on the catchment and estuary of Daoulas area (France). The daily E. coli fluxes simulated by SWAT are taken as an input in the MARS 2D model to calculate E. coli concentrations in estuarine water and shellfish. Model validation is based on comparison of frequencies: a strong relationship was found between calculated and measured E. coli concentrations for river quality (r2 = 0.99) and shellfish quality (r2 = 0.89). The important influence of agricultural practices and rainfall events on the rapid and large fluctuations in E. coli fluxes from the watershed (reaching three orders of magnitude in < 24 hours) is one main result of the study. Response time in terms of seawater quality degradation ranges from one to two days after any important rainfall event (greater than 10 mm/day) and the time for estuary to recover good water quality also mainly depends on the duration of the rainfall. In the estuary, three effects (rainfall, tidal dilution, and manure spreading) have been identified as important influences.