A single-atom detector integrated on an atom chip: fabrication, characterization and application
A single-atom detector integrated on an atom chip: fabrication, characterization and application
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集成在原子芯片上的单原子探测器：制造、表征和应用
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Schmiedmayer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Heine;W. Rohringer;D. Fischer;M. Wilzbach;T. Raub;S. Loziczky;Xiyuan Liu;S. Groth;B. Hessmo;J. Schmiedmayer
我们描述了一种坚固可靠的单原子荧光探测器，完全集成在原子芯片上。该探测器可以对原子进行光谱和空间选择性探测，单原子探测效率达到66%。它由用于精确传输激发光的锥形透镜单模光纤和用于收集荧光的多模光纤组成。纤维安装在原子芯片上光刻限定的固定结构中。检测在磁导中自由传播的中性 87Rb 原子并分析其荧光发射的噪声。光子分布的方差使我们能够确定每个原子检测到的光子数量，并由此确定原子检测效率。荧光的二阶强度相关函数显示出近乎完美的光子反聚束和阻尼拉比振荡的迹象。通过简单的改进，可以将检测效率提高到95%。
We describe a robust and reliable fluorescence detector for single atoms that is fully integrated on an atom chip. The detector allows spectrally and spatially selective detection of atoms, reaching a single-atom detection efficiency of 66%. It consists of a tapered lensed single-mode fiber for precise delivery of excitation light and a multi-mode fiber to collect the fluorescence. The fibers are mounted in lithographically defined holding structures on the atom chip. Neutral 87Rb atoms propagating freely in a magnetic guide are detected and the noise of their fluorescence emission is analyzed. The variance of the photon distribution allows us to determine the number of detected photons per atom and from there the atom detection efficiency. The second-order intensity correlation function of the fluorescence shows near-perfect photon anti-bunching and signs of damped Rabi oscillations. With simple improvements, one can increase the detection efficiency to 95%.