Physiological and biochemical responses of fruit exocarp of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) mutants to natural photo-oxidative conditions.
Physiological and biochemical responses of fruit exocarp of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) mutants to natural photo-oxidative conditions.
复制标题
番茄（Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.）突变体果实外果皮对自然光氧化条件的生理和生化反应。
DOI：
10.1093/jxb/erj136
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发表时间：
2006
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
N. Davies
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Torres;P. Andrews;N. Davies
在天然太阳辐射下施加了光氧化应激，在未成熟绿色番茄（Lycopersicon esculentum Miller = solanum lycopersicum L.）的裸露和阴影片段上施加了光氧化应激。他们几乎是同根的父母（“ ailsa craig”和“ rutgers”）。 5小时暴露于高太阳辐照度后，无论具有或没有紫外线（UV）辐射，表面颜色变化，色素成分，光合作用效率，抗氧化剂代谢物和酶活性，以及选定的黄酮类和抗氧化剂蛋白在弹丸组织中。施加的光氧化应激再现了在附着的果实上观察到的症状。高温和太阳辐照度都比类胡萝卜素（CAR）更快地通过叶绿素（CHL）降解引起水果表面变色，从而导致汽车/CHL比增加。表面漂白主要是由可见光引起的，而升高的温度主要导致光合作用的失活，以减少F（V）/F（M）的降低。随着暴露时间的增加，抗坏血酸，谷胱甘肽和总可溶性蛋白浓度降低。超氧化物歧化酶，抗坏血酸酯过氧化物酶，脱氢霉生成酸盐还原酶，单羟抗甲酸还原酶（MDHAR），谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）和过氧化氢酶随暴露量增加的特定活性，表明在施加的压力期间，这些蛋白质得到了保存。 GR蛋白表达在施加的应激期间保持稳定，而MDHAR蛋白表达增加。槲皮素和Kaempferol浓度在暴露后迅速增加，但不会降低紫外线辐射，这表明对可见光的响应迅速的光保护；然而，未诱导Naringenin合成。讨论了HP-1果实的明显增加。
Photo-oxidative stress was imposed under natural solar radiation on exposed and shaded sections of detached fruit of immature green tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Miller = Solanum lycopersicum L.) mutants (anthocyanin absent, beta-carotene, Delta, and high pigment-1) and their nearly isogenic parents ('Ailsa Craig' and 'Rutgers'). After 5 h exposure to high solar irradiance, either with or without ultraviolet (UV) radiation, surface colour changes, pigment composition, photosynthetic efficiency, antioxidant metabolites and enzyme activities, and selected flavonoids and antioxidant proteins in exocarp tissue were evaluated. The imposed photo-oxidative stress reproduced the symptoms observed on attached fruit. Both high temperature and solar irradiance caused fruit surface discoloration with faster degradation of chlorophyll (Chl) than carotenoids (Car), leading to an increase in the Car/Chl ratio. Surface bleaching was mostly caused by visible light, whereas elevated temperatures were mostly responsible for the inactivation of photosynthesis, measured as decreased F(v)/F(m). Ascorbate, glutathione, and total soluble protein concentrations decreased in the exocarp as the duration of exposure increased. Specific activities of superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase, monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), glutathione reductase (GR), and catalase increased with exposure, suggesting that these proteins were conserved during the imposed stress. GR protein expression remained stable during the imposed stress, whereas, MDHAR protein expression increased. Quercetin and kaempferol concentrations increased rapidly upon exposure, but not to UV radiation, suggesting rapid photo-protection in response to visible light; however, naringenin synthesis was not induced. The apparent increased tolerance of hp-1 fruit is discussed.
Chikahiro Miyake：“菠菜叶绿体中类囊体结合的抗坏血酸过氧化物酶及其在类囊体中主要氧化产物单脱氢抗坏血酸自由基的光还原。”
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