Late-Life Physical and Cognitive Activities Independently Contribute to Brain and Cognitive Resilience
Late-Life Physical and Cognitive Activities Independently Contribute to Brain and Cognitive Resilience
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DOI：
10.3233/jad-191114
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发表时间：
2020-01-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Zahodne, Laura B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Casaletto, Kaitlin B.;Renteria, Miguel Arce;Zahodne, Laura B.
背景：积极的生活方式与更好的认知衰老结果有关，但不同类型的活动的独特作用尚不清楚。目的：探讨体力（PA）和认知（CA）休闲活动对脑和认知衰老的独立贡献。方法：来自加州大学旧金山分校Hillblom老龄化网络（UCSF, n= 344例典型老龄化）和加州大学戴维斯分校多样性队列（UCD, n= 485例正常至轻度认知障碍）的非痴呆老年人的独立样本完成：1)自我报告当前PA和CA的参与情况（UCSF：老年人体育活动量表和认知活动量表；UCD：生活经历评估表）；2)神经心理电池；3)神经成像总灰质体积，白质高信号，和/或全局分数各向异性。PA和CA同时进入多变量线性回归模型，根据人口统计学特征和功能障碍严重程度进行调整。结果：脑预后：在UCSF中，只有PA与灰质体积呈正相关，减弱了年龄与分数各向异性之间的关系。在UCD中，只有CA与较少的白质高信号相关，并且减弱了年龄与灰质体积之间的关系。认知结果：在两个队列中，更大的CA，而不是PA，与更好的认知有关，与年龄和大脑结构无关。在加州大学旧金山分校，CA减弱了分数各向异性与认知之间的关系。在UCD中，PA减弱了白质高信号与认知之间的关联。结论：尽管它们的特异性不容易被区分开来，但PA和CA在不同教育、种族和疾病状况的人群中都明显与更好的大脑和认知弹性标志物相关。PA和CA可能独立参与脑和认知衰老的神经保护通路的聚合。
Background: Active lifestyles are related to better cognitive aging outcomes, yet the unique role of different types of activity are unknown.Objective: To examine the independent contributions of physical (PA) versus cognitive (CA) leisure activities to brain and cognitive aging.Methods: Independent samples of non-demented older adults from University of California, San Francisco Hillblom Aging Network (UCSF; n= 344 typically aging) and University of California, Davis Diversity cohort (UCD; n= 485 normal to MCI) completed: 1) self-reported engagement in current PA and CA (UCSF: Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly and Cognitive Activity Scale; UCD: Life Experiences Assessment Form); 2) neuropsychological batteries; and 3) neuroimaging total gray matter volume, white matter hyperintensities, and/or global fractional anisotropy. PA and CA were simultaneously entered into multivariable linear regression models, adjusting for demographic characteristics and functional impairment severity.Results: Brain outcomes: In UCSF, only PA was positively associated with gray matter volume and attenuated the relationship between age and fractional anisotropy. In UCD, only CA was associated with less white matter hyperintensities and attenuated the relationship between age and gray matter volume. Cognitive outcomes: In both cohorts, greater CA, but not PA, related to better cognition, independent of age and brain structure. In UCSF, CA attenuated the relationship between fractional anisotropy and cognition. In UCD, PA attenuated the association between white matter hyperintensities and cognition.Conclusions: Although their specificity was not easily teased apart, both PA and CA are clearly related to better brain and cognitive resilience markers across cohorts with differing educational, racial, and disease statuses. PA and CA may independently contribute to converging neuroprotective pathways for brain and cognitive aging.