Formation of plasma around a small meteoroid: 1. Kinetic theory
Formation of plasma around a small meteoroid: 1. Kinetic theory
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DOI：
10.1002/2017ja023960
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发表时间：
2016-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Y. Dimant;M. Oppenheim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Dimant;M. Oppenheim
每秒，数以百万计的亚毫克流星体进入地球大气层，产生密集的等离子体。雷达很容易探测到这些等离子体，研究人员使用这些数据来描述流星体和大气的特征。本文发展了一个第一原理动力学理论，描述了一个小的快速运动的流星体烧毁的粒子的行为，然后与大气分子相撞。这些碰撞导致烧蚀粒子的部分电离，并在流星体周围形成致密的等离子体。这一理论给出了描述烧蚀流星体附近离子和中性粒子的空间结构和速度分布的解析表达式。该分析模型将作为对雷达测量进行更准确的定量解释的基础，并应有助于根据雷达头回波观测计算流星体和大气参数。
Every second, millions of submilligram meteoroids enter the Earth's atmosphere producing dense plasmas. Radars easily detect these plasmas, and researchers use this data to characterize both the meteoroids and the atmosphere. This paper develops a first‐principle kinetic theory describing the behavior of particles ablated from a small fast‐moving meteoroid and then colliding with atmospheric molecules. These collisions result in partial ionization of the ablated particles and formation of a dense plasma around the meteoroid. This theory produces analytic expressions describing the spatial structure and velocity distributions of ions and neutrals near the ablating meteoroid. The analytical model will serve as a basis for a more accurate quantitative interpretation of radar measurements and should help calculate meteoroid and atmosphere parameters from radar head‐echo observations.