A PROSPECTIVE-STUDY OF RISK-FACTORS FOR UNIPOLAR DEPRESSION
A PROSPECTIVE-STUDY OF RISK-FACTORS FOR UNIPOLAR DEPRESSION
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DOI：
10.1037/0021-843x.97.3.251
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发表时间：
1988-08-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
ROSENBAUM, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
LEWINSOHN, PM;HOBERMAN, HM;ROSENBAUM, M
本研究的目的是确定单极抑郁症的前因变量。收集了社区成人样本（N= 998）的一些社会人口学和社会心理变量的信息，其中562人根据情感障碍和精神分裂症研究诊断标准程序进行了访谈和诊断，并对大多数变量进行了第二次评估。时间1和时间2之间的平均时间为8.3个月。抑郁症状也用流行病学研究中心抑郁量表CES-D进行评估。出现了许多变量，这些变量既可以预测抑郁发作的发展，也可以预测CES-D评分的升高。这些包括报告抑郁和其他症状水平升高，以及经历了压力水平升高。预测抑郁症发作的变量包括年轻、女性和以前有过抑郁症发作。通过CES-D测量，抑郁源性认知的存在是抑郁症状升高的唯一预测因素。几乎没有变量对压力-抑郁关系表现出显著的调节作用。
The purpose of this study was to identify variables that are antecedents for unipolar depression. Information regarding a number of sociodemographic and psychosocial variables was collected on a community sample of adults (N= 998), 562 of whom were interviewed and diagnosed according to Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Research Diagnostic Criteria procedures and received a second assessment on most of the variables. The average time elapsed between Time 1 and Time 2 was 8.3 months. Depressive symptomatology was also assessed with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale CES-D. A number of variables emerged, which predicted both the development of an episode of depression and elevated CES-D scores. These include reporting an elevated level of depressive and other symptoms and having experienced an elevated level of stress. Variables that are predictive of developing an episode of depression include young age, being female, and having had a previous episode of depression. The presence of depressogenic cognitions was uniquely predictive of an elevation of depression symptoms as measured by the CES-D. Virtually no variables demonstrated a significant moderating effect on the stress-depression relation.