Evolutionary Algorithm‐Guided Voxel‐Encoding Printing of Functional Hard‐Magnetic Soft Active Materials
Evolutionary Algorithm‐Guided Voxel‐Encoding Printing of Functional Hard‐Magnetic Soft Active Materials
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DOI：
10.1002/aisy.202000060
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发表时间：
2020-01
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Shuai Wu;Craig M. Hamel;Qiji Ze;Fengyuan Yang;H. Qi;R. Zhao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Shuai Wu;Craig M. Hamel;Qiji Ze;Fengyuan Yang;H. Qi;R. Zhao
硬磁软活性材料（hmSAMs）是将硬磁颗粒嵌入到软聚合物基体中，由于其快速转换、无约束控制以及出色的可编程性，吸引了大量的研究兴趣。然而，目前基于直接墨写（DIW）印刷的hmSAM部件和结构的制造仅允许具有恒定磁密度的可编程磁方向。此外，现有的设计依赖于蛮力方法来生成磁化方向分布的分配，这只能产生直观的变形。这两个因素极大地限制了hmSAM的设计空间和应用潜力。在此，介绍了一种在hmSAM打印期间对磁密度和方向分布进行编程的“体素编码DIW打印”方法。然后将体素编码DIW打印与基于进化算法（EA）的设计策略集成，以实现具有复杂几何变化和曲率分布的所需磁致动和运动。通过新的EA引导的体素编码DIW打印技术，展示了功能性hmSAM，其产生具有所需曲率分布的复杂形状变形，用于仿生运动等高级应用。这些演示表明，所提出的EA引导的体素编码DIW打印方法显着拓宽了hmSAM的应用潜力。
Hard‐magnetic soft active materials (hmSAMs), embedding hard‐magnetic particles in soft polymeric matrices, have attracted a great number of research interests due to their fast‐transforming, untethered control, as well as excellent programmability. However, the current direct‐ink‐write (DIW) printing‐based fabrication of hmSAM parts and structures only permits programmable magnetic direction with a constant magnetic density. Also, the existing designs rely on the brute‐force approach to generate the assignment of magnetization direction distribution, which can only produce intuitional deformations. These two factors greatly limit the design space and the application potentials of hmSAMs. Herein, a “voxel‐encoding DIW printing” method to program both the magnetic density and direction distributions during hmSAM printing is introduced. The voxel‐encoding DIW printing is then integrated with an evolutionary algorithm (EA)‐based design strategy to achieve the desired magnetic actuation and motion with complex geometry variations and curvature distributions. With the new EA‐guided voxel‐encoding DIW printing technique, the functional hmSAMs that produce complicated shape morphing with desired curvature distributions for advanced applications such as biomimetic motions are demonstrated. These demonstrations indicate that the proposed EA‐guided voxel‐encoding DIW printing method significantly broadens the application potentials of hmSAMs.