Speeded production of inflected words in children and adults
Speeded production of inflected words in children and adults
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DOI：
10.1017/s0305000904006506
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发表时间：
2004-08-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Weyerts, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clahsen, H;Hadler, M;Weyerts, H
本研究采用快速生成任务考察了德语规则和不规则分词形式的高频和低频生成。两个年龄组的40名儿童（5 - 7奥尔兹，11 - 12奥尔兹）和35名以德语为母语的成年人听了动词的词干形式，并被要求尽可能快速准确地产生相应的分词形式。因变量为受试者的分词产出延迟率和错误率。我们发现，在儿童和成人之间的生产的规则和不规则的形式，相对于生产lavelet和类型的形态错误的对比。儿童会将规则模式过度应用于成人语言中不规则的形式，但反之则不然。高频率的不规则分词产生的速度更快（和儿童之间更准确）比低频率的，而规则分词产生了一个反向频率的效果，即更长的生产lavelet为高频率的形式比低频率的，在两组儿童以及在一个亚组的成人。我们解释这些发现的角度的双机制模型的变形认为，心理机制和表征处理形态复杂的单词（“词”和“规则”）是相同的，在儿童和成人中，观察到的儿童/成人的差异，在分词生产是由于较慢，准确的词汇访问儿童比成人。
This study examines the production of regular and irregular participle forms of German with high and low frequencies using a speeded production task. 40 children in two age groups (five- to seven-year olds, eleven- to twelve-year olds) and 35 adult native speakers of German listened to stem forms of verbs presented in a sentential context and were asked to produce corresponding participle forms as quickly and accurately as possible. Dependent variables were the subjects' participle-production latencies and error rates. We found contrasts between the production of regular and irregular forms in both children and adults, with respect to the production latencies and types of morphological error. Children overapplied the regular patterns to forms that are irregular in the adult language, but not vice versa. High-frequency irregular participles were produced faster (and amongst the children more accurately) than low-frequency ones, whereas regular participles yielded a reverse frequency effect, i.e. longer production latencies for high-frequency forms than for low-frequency ones, in the two groups of children as well as in one subgroup of adults. We explain these findings from the perspective of dual-mechanism models of inflection arguing that the mental mechanisms and representations for processing morphologically complex words ('words' and 'rules') are the same in children and adults, and that the observed child/adult differences in participle production are due to slower and less accurate lexical access in children than in adults.