NEUROMUSCULAR MECHANISM MAINTAINING EXTRATHORACIC AIRWAY PATENCY
NEUROMUSCULAR MECHANISM MAINTAINING EXTRATHORACIC AIRWAY PATENCY
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DOI：
10.1152/jappl.1979.46.4.772
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发表时间：
1979-01-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
THACH, BT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BROUILLETTE, RT;THACH, BT
在家兔中研究了当暴露于负压时胸外气道（ETA）保持开放的能力。死后预计到达时间下降到-6.3 .+-. 0.6然而，在轻度麻醉动物的气道阻塞操作期间，在低至-80 cm H2O的压力下仍保持通畅。这种差异表明神经肌肉机制维持ETA通畅。以下4项结果表明，颏舌肌和颏舌骨肌（它们将舌和舌骨向前牵拉）有助于保持ETA的开放：舌骨向前移动增加了ETA塌陷的负压，第12神经节吸气时ETA关闭使这些肌肉的肌电图活动消失，深度麻醉后这种活动被抑制;闭合压力与两块肌的峰积分肌电图呈线性相关。第12次神经切断后，随着窒息的进行，ETA关闭压逐渐下降，并大大超过死后关闭压，提示其他肌肉也有助于维持ETA开放。血气张力、呼吸系统机械感受器和麻醉深度似乎影响颏舌肌和颏舌骨肌的活动。
The ability of the extrathoracic airway (ETA) to remain open when exposed to negative pressure was investigated in rabbits. Postmortem, the ETA collapsed at -6.3 .+-. 0.6 cm H2O whereas, during airway occlusion maneuvers in lightly anesthetized animals, it remained patent at pressures as low as -80 cm H2O. This discrepancy suggested that a neuromuscular mechanism maintains ETA patency. The following 4 findings indicated that the genioglossus and geniohyoid muscles, which pull the tongue and hyoid bone anteriorly, help maintain ETA patency: anterior movement of the hyoid bone increased the negative pressure at which the ETA collapsed postmortem; ETA closure during occluded inspirations occurred at 12th nerve section abolished electromyographic [EMG] activity in these muscles and after deep anesthesia depressed such activity; and closing pressure was linearly related to peak integrated EMG of the 2 muscles. After 12 th nerve section, ETA closing pressure became more negative with progressive asphyxia greatly exceeding postmortem closing pressure, which suggests that other muscles also help maintain ETA patency. Blood gas tensions, respiratory system mechanoreceptors, and depth of anesthesia appear to influence genioglossus and geniohyoid activity.