Nitrative stress in respiratory inflammation caused by influenza virus infection
Nitrative stress in respiratory inflammation caused by influenza virus infection
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2222.2007.00120.x
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发表时间：
2007-08
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Zaki;T. Okamoto;T. Sawa;Shigemoto Fujii;T. Akaike
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Zaki;T. Okamoto;T. Sawa;Shigemoto Fujii;T. Akaike
由各种病理刺激物和微生物感染引起的呼吸道炎症和高反应性与气道上皮细胞和吞噬细胞中一氧化氮（NO）的过量产生有关。例如，在由流感和仙台病毒引起的病毒性肺炎中，NO对气道中的炎症过程和病理恶化起关键作用。NO介导的呼吸系统并发症可能依赖于NO的复杂反应，同时产生的超氧化物形成几种活性氮物质，最明显的是ONOO−。这些活性氮氧化物可以通过氧化、硝化或亚硝基化反应与生物学上重要的蛋白质、酶、脂质和核酸反应，产生硝化应激。近年来的研究表明，硝化应激通过调节宿主免疫反应、破坏组织结构、激活或失活酶和转录因子等多种机制参与炎症反应，NO和硝化应激参与呼吸系统疾病的证据越来越多。本文就呼吸道病毒感染中NO诱导和硝化应激介导的呼吸道炎症及发病机制的分子机制作一综述。
Summary Respiratory inflammation and hyperresponsiveness caused by various pathological stimulants and microbial infections are associated with excessive production of nitric oxide (NO) in airway epithelial and phagocytic cells. For example, in viral pneumonia caused by influenza and Sendai virus, NO contributes critically to inflammatory processes and pathological exacerbation in the airway. NO-mediated respiratory complications may be dependent on the complex reactions of NO, with simultaneously produced superoxide forming several reactive nitrogen species, most notably ONOO−. These reactive nitrogen oxides can react with biologically important proteins, enzymes, lipids, and nucleic acids via oxidation, nitration, or nitrosylation reactions, producing nitrative stress. Recent studies indicate that nitrative stress is involved in inflammation by a number of mechanisms including modulation of host immune response, destruction of tissue architecture, activation or inactivation of enzymes and transcription factors, and so on. There is accumulating evidence for the involvement of NO and nitrative stress in respiratory diseases. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanisms of NO-induced and nitrative stress-mediated respiratory inflammation and pathogenesis during respiratory viral infections.