Russeting and Microcracking of 'Golden Delicious' Apple Fruit Concomitantly Decline Due to Gibberellin A4+7 Application
Russeting and Microcracking of 'Golden Delicious' Apple Fruit Concomitantly Decline Due to Gibberellin A4+7 Application
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DOI：
10.21273/jashs.136.3.159
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发表时间：
2011-05-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Stopar, Matej
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Knoche, Moritz;Khanal, Bishnu P.;Stopar, Matej
研究了4次施用赤霉素A（4+7）[GA（4+7）（10 mg.L ~（-1），从落花开始，每隔10 d施用一次）]对水诱导的红褐色化、微裂纹形成的影响。以‘金冠’苹果为试材，研究了不同浓度的外源激素对果实生长和角质膜（CM）沉积的影响。将发育中的苹果果实浸泡在去离子水中48 h，未处理的对照果实出现赤褐色，但GA（4+7）处理的果实没有出现赤褐色。在果实发育早期（盛开后19天（19 DAFB））浸入水中，导致的黄褐色比之后发生的浸入（139 DAFB）更多。表皮节段外表面的水增加了未处理对照果实中微观裂缝的频率，但在GA（4+7）处理的果实中程度较小。GA（4+7）对果实发育早期水诱导锈色和微裂纹形成的影响大于后期。与未处理的对照果实相比，用GA（4+7）处理的果实始终具有较少的微裂纹。与未处理的对照相比，GA（4+7）对CM的角质或蜡沉积的量或速率、应变或机械性质没有影响。因此，赤霉素（4+7）处理的果实角质层中的锈色和微裂纹的形成减少，必须考虑到对下面的表皮和下皮组织的影响。
The effect of four applications of gibberellin A(4+7) [GA(4+7) (10 mg.L-1 at 10-day intervals beginning with petal fall)] on water-induced russeting, formation of microcracks. and on fruit growth and deposition of the cuticular membrane (CM) was studied in developing 'Golden Delicious' fruit (Malus xdomestica Borkh.). Submerging developing apple fruit in deionized water for 48 h induced russeting in untreated control but not in GA(4+7)-treated fruit. Immersing in water during early fruit development, 19 days after full bloom (19 DAFB), resulted in more russeting than immersions occurring later (139 DAFB). Water on the outer surface of epidermal segments increased the frequency of microscopic cracks in untreated controls but to a lesser degree in GA(4+7)-treated fruit. The effect of GA(4+7) on water-induced russeting and formation of microcracks was larger during early as compared with later stages of fruit development. Fruit treated with GA(4+7) consistently had fewer microcracks as compared with non-treated control fruit. GA(4+7) had no effect on amounts or rates of cutin or wax deposition, strain, or mechanical properties of the CM as compared with the non-treated control. Thus, the decrease in russeting and formation of microcracks in the cuticle of GA(4+7)-treated fruit must be accounted for effects on underlying epi- and hypodermal tissues.