From ‘identity’ to ‘belonging’ in social research: Plurality, social boundaries, and the politics of the self
From ‘identity’ to ‘belonging’ in social research: Plurality, social boundaries, and the politics of the self
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社会研究中从“身份”到“归属”：多元化、社会边界和自我政治
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发表时间：
2020
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通讯作者：
Joanna Pfaff
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作者：
Joanna Pfaff
本文发展了一种批判性地建立在身份研究基础上的归属理论，同时更加公正地对待社会格局的动态本质和社会行动者的多重立场。 “归属”的概念是作为共性、相互性和依恋的组合而引入的。集体归属感与生命历程中通过多重集体组合的个人导航之间存在着至关重要的对立。有人认为，这些导航需要解决多种形式的边界动态，因为集体归属感创建了一种制度，可以保护集体免受外来者的侵害，也可以防止成员试图放弃“他们的”集体。该分析借鉴了种族研究、移民研究和全球化研究，即在归属问题既重要又受到挑战的领域，因此它们常常被政治化。不要将特定的集体归属视为理所当然，例如种族、宗教或民族，这一贡献涉及个人定位的情境性质、结合不同维度的归属感的可能性以及当代社会中共同归属的必要性。
This text develops a theory of belonging critically building upon identity-research - while doing more justice to the dynamic nature of social constellations and to the multipositionality of social actors. The concept of ‘belonging’ is introduced as a combination of commonality, mutuality, and attachments. A vital opposition is made between the collective constellations of belonging and the individual navigations through multiple collective assemblages during the life course. It is argued that these navigations entail tackling manifold forms of boundary dynamics as collective belonging creates regimes that guard collectivities against the outsiders and also against the members’ attempts to abandon ‘their’ collectivities. The analysis draws upon ethnicity research, immigration research and globalisation research, i.e. in fields where issues of belonging are as vital as they are challenged, and therefore, they are often politicized. Rather than taking a specific collective belonging for granted, e.g. ethnic, religious or national, this contribution addresses the situated nature of individual positionings, the possibility of combining different dimensions of belonging, and the necessity to belong together in contemporary societies.