Rainfall-runoff responses and roles of soil moisture variations to the response in tropical rain forest, bukit tarek, peninsular Malaysia
Rainfall-runoff responses and roles of soil moisture variations to the response in tropical rain forest, bukit tarek, peninsular Malaysia
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马来西亚半岛武吉达力热带雨林降雨径流响应和土壤湿度变化的作用
DOI：
10.1007/bf02348209
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发表时间：
1997
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
T. Sammori
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Noguchi;A. Nik;Z. Yusop;M. Tani;T. Sammori
在马来西亚半岛的 Bukit Tarek 实验流域进行了实地观测，以研究热带雨林降雨径流响应与土壤湿度变化之间的关系。暴雨流强烈依赖于以初始径流率表示的先前湿度。虽然几乎每个月都会下大雨，但只要天气晴朗，土壤湿度就会下降。在偶尔的干旱期间，160厘米深度的土壤水分耗尽并变得干燥。在干旱条件下，径流对降雨响应较快，但雨停后迅速下降，表层土壤（≤20 cm）水分增加，但较低深度（≽80 cm）保持干燥。这表明雨水大部分保留在土壤中，只有一小部分以暴风雨的形式出现。随着土壤湿度条件变得更加湿润，风暴过程线的衰退部分变得更加平缓。暴雨流量随着土壤湿度的增加而增加。在潮湿条件下，斜坡所有部分的土壤剖面都是潮湿的。水力梯度在1.0左右，土壤水通量随压力梯度下降。这表明来自斜坡上部的地下水流对于水流生产也可能很重要。在大风暴期间，在 10 厘米和 160 厘米深度处观察到正压力。地下流的行为可能是风暴流的重要决定因素。
Field observations were conducted at Bukit Tarek Experimental Watershed in Peninsular Malaysia to investigate the relationship between rainfall-runoff responses and variation in soil moisture in a tropical rain forest. Stormflow depended strongly on the antecedent wetness as represented by the initial runoff rate. Though heavy rains fell in almost every month, the soil moisture decreased when fair weather was sustained. The soil moisture depleted and became dry at 160 cm depth during occasional dry spells. During dry conditions, streamflow responded quickly to rain events but declined rapidly after the rain stopped, and the soil moisture of surface soil (≤20 cm) increased but remained dry at lower depths (≽80 cm). This suggests that the rain water was mostly retained in the soil and only small proportions appeared as stormflow. As soil moisture conditions became wetter, the recession limb of the storm hydrograph was more gradual. Stormflow volume increased with increasing soil moisture. During wet conditions, the soil profile was moist at all parts of the slope. The hydraulic gradient was around 1.0 and there was downward soil water flux, which followed the pressure gradient. This suggests that subsurface flow from the upper part of the slope might also be important for stream-flow production. Positive pressures were observed at 10 cm and 160 cm depths during large storms. The behavior of the subsurface flow might be an important determinant of stormflow.