Tip of the Tongue States Increase Under Evaluative Observation
Tip of the Tongue States Increase Under Evaluative Observation
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DOI：
10.1007/s10936-017-9524-9
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发表时间：
2018-02-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Buchanan, Tony W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
James, Lori E.;Schmank, Christopher J.;Buchanan, Tony W.
我们检验了一个常见的假设，即当说话者被观察和评估时，词汇提取的难度会增加。我们对特里尔社会压力测试（TSST）进行了调整，使得参与者认为其评估性观察部分在随后的词汇提取任务期间一直持续，并测量了参与者所报告的舌尖现象（TOT）状态。处于这种TSST条件下的参与者比处于类似的安慰剂TSST条件（没有评估性观察的暗示）下的参与者经历了更多的舌尖现象。这个实验提供了初步证据，证实了第三方的评估性观察可能会干扰词汇提取这一假设。我们通过对一个得到充分支持的舌尖现象理论模型进行扩展来解释我们的发现。
We tested the frequent assumption that the difficulty of word retrieval increases when a speaker is being observed and evaluated. We modified the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) so that participants believed that its evaluative observation components continued throughout the duration of a subsequent word retrieval task, and measured participants' reported tip of the tongue (TOT) states. Participants in this TSST condition experienced more TOTs than participants in a comparable, placebo TSST condition in which there was no suggestion of evaluative observation. This experiment provides initial evidence confirming the assumption that evaluative observation by a third party can be disruptive to word retrieval. We interpret our findings by proposing an extension to a well-supported theoretical model of TOTs.