Spatial profile of macular pigment and its relationship to foveal architecture
Spatial profile of macular pigment and its relationship to foveal architecture
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DOI：
10.1167/iovs.07-0933
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发表时间：
2008-05-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Snodderly, D. Max
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nolan, John M.;Stringham, James M.;Snodderly, D. Max
目的.黄斑色素（MP）是由两种膳食类胡萝卜素，叶黄素和玉米黄质，和由视网膜产生的类胡萝卜素，中-玉米黄质。黄斑色素的峰值光密度、空间轮廓和横向范围存在较大的受试者间变异性，并且已经表明中央凹结构可能在这种变异性中起作用。本研究是对黄斑色素空间分布与黄斑中心凹结构关系的初步研究。60例正常受试者入组（1例最终被排除）。采用自定义异色闪烁光度法（cHFP）测量黄斑色素光密度（MPOD）的空间分布。通过光学相干断层扫描获得高分辨率黄斑厚度图。分析了四个参数：（1）在六个放射状扫描的交叉点处的最小中心凹厚度（MFT）;（2）中心凹厚度（CFT），在中心凹的中心1 mm上平均;（3）被识别为缺少神经纤维层的区域的中心凹宽度;以及（4）从脊到脊测量的中心凹宽度。生活方式和视力信息通过EQUIRE. STATES获得。偏心率为0.25时的平均+/- SD MPOD为0.49 +/- 0.23，偏心率为0.5时为0.41 +/- 0.21。一阶递减指数函数解释了受试者间平均MP曲线的大部分方差（r（2）= 0.99）。对于整个研究组，在0.25处测量的MPOD与两种中心凹厚度测量值无关（分别为r = 0.03，P = 0.81和r =-0.08，P = 0.57）。同样，在整个研究组中，在0.5测量的MPOD与中心凹厚度无关（分别为r = 0.12，P = 0.36和r =-0.05，P = 0.71）。然而，当在非白人受试者中单独分析时，0.25的MPOD与MFT之间的关系是积极和显著的（r = 0.59，P = 0.01），但与CFT无关（r =0.20，P = 0.41）。同样地，在非白人受试者中，MPOD在0.5和MFT之间的关系是积极的和显著的（r = 0.68，P = 0.01），但再次与CFT无关（r = 0.23，P = 0.32）。在白色受试者中，MPOD与黄斑中心凹厚度的测量值之间没有显著关系。在整个研究组中，中心凹宽度与整个中心凹的平均MPOD（r = 0.41，P < 0.01）和中心凹宽度与整个中心凹的MP积分（r = 0.41，P < 0.01）之间均呈正相关。在整个研究组中，中心凹MP与中心凹宽度呈显著正相关。这种关系可能是由更宽的中央凹中的锥体轴突（Henle纤维）的更长长度决定的。在白色受试者中，MPOD与中心凹厚度无关。然而，在非白人受试者中，在0.25度和0.5度偏心率下，MFT和MPOD之间存在正相关，这表明其他个人特征调节MPOD -视网膜厚度关系。
PURPOSE. Macular pigment ( MP) is composed of two dietary carotenoids, lutein and zeaxanthin, and a carotenoid generated by the retina, meso-zeaxanthin. There is large intersubject variability in peak optical density, spatial profile, and lateral extent of macular pigment, and it has been suggested that foveal architecture may play a role in this variability. This study is an initial investigation of the relationship between the spatial profile of macular pigment and foveal architecture.METHODS. Sixty normal subjects were enrolled ( one was eventually excluded). The spatial profile of macular pigment optical density (MPOD) was measured by customized heterochromatic flicker photometry (cHFP). High-resolution macular thickness maps were obtained by optical coherence tomography. Four parameters were analyzed: ( 1) minimum foveal thickness (MFT) at the intersection of six radial scans; ( 2) central foveal thickness (CFT) averaged over the central 1 mm of the fovea; ( 3) foveal width identified as the region lacking a nerve fiber layer; and ( 4) foveal width measured from crest to crest. Lifestyle and vision information were obtained by questionnaire.RESULTS. The mean +/- SD MPOD at 0.25 eccentricity was 0.49 +/- 0.23 and at 0.5 eccentricity, 0.41 +/- 0.21. A first- order decreasing exponential function accounted for most of the variance of the MP profile averaged across subjects ( r(2) = 0.99). MPOD measured at 0.25 was unrelated to both measures of foveal thickness for the entire study group ( r = 0.03, P = 0.81, and r = -0.08, P = 0.57, respectively). Similarly, MPOD measured at 0.5 was unrelated to foveal thickness in the entire study group (r = 0.12, P = 0.36 and r = -0.05, P = 0.71, respectively). However, when analyzed separately in the nonwhite subjects, the relationship between MPOD at 0.25 and MFT was positive and significant (r = 0.59, P = 0.01), but remained unrelated to CFT (r =0.20, P = 0.41). Similarly, in the nonwhite subjects, the relationship between MPOD at 0.5 and MFT was positive and significant (r = 0.68, P = 0.01), but again was unrelated to CFT (r = 0.23, P = 0.32). There was no significant relationship between MPOD and either measure of foveal thickness in the white subjects. In the entire study group, there was a positive and significant relationship between foveal width and MPOD averaged across the fovea (r = 0.41, P < 0.01) and between foveal width and MP integrated across the fovea (r = 0.41, P < 0.01).CONCLUSIONS. Foveal MP was positively and significantly related to foveal width in the entire study group. This relationship may be determined by the greater length of the cone axons (Henle fibers) in wider foveas. MPOD was unrelated to foveal thickness in the white subjects. However, in the nonwhite subjects there was a positive association between MFT and MPOD at the 0.25 degrees and 0.5 degrees eccentricities, suggesting that other personal characteristics modulate the MPOD - retinal thickness relationship.