First report on a diverse Neogene cartilaginous fish fauna from Borneo (Ambug Hill, Brunei Darussalam)
First report on a diverse Neogene cartilaginous fish fauna from Borneo (Ambug Hill, Brunei Darussalam)
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关于婆罗洲（文莱达鲁萨兰国 Ambug 山）多种新近纪软骨鱼类区系的首次报告
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
M. Szabó
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Kocsis;Hazirah Razak;A. Briguglio;M. Szabó
海洋鱼类生物多样性最高的地区是东南亚的印度-澳大利亚群岛。然而，在IAA中，鱼类的化石记录非常稀少且极不完整。在这里，我们提出了不同的化石软骨鱼类动物群从婆罗洲，发现在晚中新世沉积物在文莱达鲁萨兰国。该动物群首次提供了对大约650 - 800万年前存在于IAA地区的鱼类类型的深入了解。软骨鱼类遗骸属于24个塞拉基安和蝙蝠类类群。鲨鱼区系以真鲨形目为主，包括三个科，至少有12个分类群，与现代物种关系最密切：半鲨科（1个物种）、真鲨科（9个物种）和狮鲨科（2个物种）。此外，动物群中还发现了一种Lamniformes鲨鱼的牙齿，即已灭绝的巨型捕食者Otodus（Megaselachus）megalodon。蝠类主要是来自以下科的Myliobatiformes：Dasyatidae（3种），Aetobatidae（1种），Myliobatidae（3种），Rhinopteridae（1种），而Rhinopristiformes的3个分类群也被回收：Pristidae（1种）和Rhinidae（2种）。在东南亚热带地区，从未有过软骨鱼化石如此多样的报道。鲨鱼和小鳐的优势表明了一个浅海，沿海的古环境。淡水鲨鱼Glyphis的存在表明附近的河流影响。一些种类的射线属，如Himantura或Pastinachus，也有报道，从河口和淡水。缺乏一些普遍常见的新第三纪类群，如Odontaspididae，Lamnidae和Alopidae，可能与这些当地因素和沿海浅水环境有关。
The highest biodiversity of marine fishes occurs in South-east Asia in the Indo-Australian Archipelago (IAA). However, the fossil record of fishes is very sparse and extremely incomplete in the IAA. Here we present a diverse fossil cartilaginous fish fauna from Borneo, found in late Miocene sediments in Brunei Darussalam. This fauna provides the first insight into the types of fishes that existed in the IAA region about 6.5–8 million years ago. The chondrichthyan remains belong to 24 selachian and batoid taxa. The shark fauna is dominated by Carcharhiniformes, comprising three families with at least 12 taxa, most related to modern species: Hemigaleidae (one species), Carcharhinidae (nine) and Sphyrnidae (two). In addition, the teeth of one Lamniformes shark, the extinct giant macro-predator Otodus (Megaselachus) megalodon, are present in the fauna. The batoids are dominated by Myliobatiformes from the following families: Dasyatidae (three species), Aetobatidae (one), Myliobatidae (three), Rhinopteridae (one), while three taxa of the order Rhinopristiformes were also recovered: Pristidae (one species), and Rhinidae (two). Such diversity of fossil cartilaginous fish has never before been reported from the tropical region of South-east Asia. The dominance of the carcharhinid sharks and small rays suggests a shallow marine, coastal palaeoenvironment. The presence of the freshwater shark genus Glyphis indicates a nearby fluvial influence. Some species of the ray genera, such as Himantura or Pastinachus, have also been reported from estuaries and fresh water. The lack of some generally common Neogene taxa, such as Odontaspididae, Lamnidae and Alopidae, may be linked to such local factors and the coastal shallow-water environment.