Biomechanical properties of the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit cuticle during development are modulated by changes in the relative amounts of its components
Biomechanical properties of the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit cuticle during development are modulated by changes in the relative amounts of its components
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DOI：
10.1111/nph.12727
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发表时间：
2014-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9.4
通讯作者：
Dominguez, Eva
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Espana, Laura;Heredia-Guerrero, Jose A.;Dominguez, Eva
研究了番茄(Solanum Lycopsicum)两个不同角质层生长和积累模式的品种果实发育过程中角质层力学性质随生长的变化规律。在单轴拉伸试验中，使用分离的角质层条来测定其力学性能。用衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)分析角质层化学成分官能团的变化。果实生长的早期阶段以弹性角质层为特征，粘弹性行为仅出现在细胞扩大的开始阶段。发育过程中角质和多糖比例的变化会影响实现粘弹性变形所需的强度。成熟过程中硬度的增加和延伸性的下降与类黄酮的积累有关，同时由于酯键总数的减少，角质解聚增加。角质层成分的数量变化会影响角质层的弹性/粘弹性行为。角质和多糖的比例调节角质层永久变形所需的压力，并允许细胞扩大。类黄酮会使弹性相变硬，并减少永久粘弹性变形。成熟伴随着角质酯键的化学断裂。与酚类积累有关的红外(IR)波段可用于监测角质酯化指数的变化。
In this study, growth-dependent changes in the mechanical properties of the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) cuticle during fruit development were investigated in two cultivars with different patterns of cuticle growth and accumulation. The mechanical properties were determined in uniaxial tensile tests using strips of isolated cuticles. Changes in the functional groups of the cuticle chemical components were analysed by attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR). The early stages of fruit growth are characterized by an elastic cuticle, and viscoelastic behaviour only appeared at the beginning of cell enlargement. Changes in the cutin:polysaccharide ratio during development affected the strength required to achieve viscoelastic deformation. The increase in stiffness and decrease in extensibility during ripening, related to flavonoid accumulation, were accompanied by an increase in cutin depolymerization as a result of a reduction in the overall number of ester bonds. Quantitative changes in cuticle components influence the elastic/viscoelastic behaviour of the cuticle. The cutin:polysaccharide ratio modulates the stress required to permanently deform the cuticle and allow cell enlargement. Flavonoids stiffen the elastic phase and reduce permanent viscoelastic deformation. Ripening is accompanied by a chemical cleavage of cutin ester bonds. An infrared (IR) band related to phenolic accumulation can be used to monitor changes in the cutin esterification index.