Central and spinal effects of sodium cyanide on respiratory activity.
Central and spinal effects of sodium cyanide on respiratory activity.
复制标题
氰化钠对呼吸活动的中枢和脊髓影响。
DOI：
10.1152/jappl.1993.74.2.574
复制
发表时间：
1993
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Strohl,KP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haxhiu,MA;Erokwu,B;vanLunteren,E;Cherniack,NS;Strohl,KP
氰化物对呼吸活动的药理作用已经被知道了一段时间，主要归因于对外周化学感受器的影响。在这里报道的研究中，我们研究了氰化物局部应用于延髓腹侧表面(VMS)以及在C5-T3水平注入脊髓鞘内间隙时对膈神经、横隔膜、胸骨旁肋间肌、胸骨三角肌和腹横肌活动的急性中枢影响。在VMS的中间区域局部应用10-100微克(10微升1-10 mg/ml)氰化物可使呼吸活动减少50%，呼气肌比吸气肌对抑制更敏感。S给药后20d内出现膈神经或呼吸肌活动抑制，洗涤后作用逆转。相反，鞘内注射10-100微克氰化物(100微升0.1-1毫克/毫升)可增加呼吸肌的电活动。胸骨旁肋间活动从18+/-3增加到46+/-9(P<；0.01)，胸壁和腹肌的呼气活动从9+/-2增加到39+/-10(P<；0.05)。局部应用VMS和鞘内注射氰化物均可引起动脉血压升高和心率轻微不明显的加快。这些数据表明，作用于VMS的氰化物导致呼吸抑制和交感神经流出增加。
The pharmacological actions of cyanide on respiratory activity have been known for some time and are attributed mainly to effects on peripheral chemoreceptors. In the studies reported here, we have examined the acute central effects of cyanide when applied topically to the ventral surface of the medulla (VMS) and when administered into the spinal intrathecal space at the C5-T3 level on activities of the phrenic nerve, diaphragm, parasternal intercostal, triangularis sterni, and transversus abdominis muscles. Topical application of 10–100 micrograms (10 microliters of 1–10 mg/ml) cyanide to the intermediate area of the VMS decreased respiratory activity by > 50%, and expiratory muscles were more sensitive to inhibition than inspiratory muscles. The onset of depression of phrenic nerve or respiratory muscle activity occurred within 20 s of administration, and the effects reversed after washout. In contrast, intrathecal administration of cyanide in doses of 10–100 micrograms (100 microliters of 0.1–1 mg/ml) increased electrical activity of the respiratory muscles. Diaphragm activity changed from 17 +/- 2 to 42 +/- 8 (SE) units (P < 0.01), parasternal intercostal activity increased from 18 +/- 3 to 46 +/- 9 units (P < 0.01), and expiratory activity of the chest wall and abdominal muscles increased from 9 +/- 2 to 39 +/- 10 units (P < 0.05). Both topical application on the VMS and intrathecal administration of cyanide caused an increase in arterial blood pressure and a slight insignificant acceleration of heart rate. These data suggest that cyanide acting on the VMS causes respiratory depression and enhancement of sympathetic outflow.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)