Resolution in seismic imaging: Is it all a matter of perspective?
Resolution in seismic imaging: Is it all a matter of perspective?
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DOI：
10.1190/1.1444374
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发表时间：
1998-04
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
S. Levin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Levin
地震数据的经典波动方程偏移结合声波传播和成像条件以产生地下剖面。积分方法隐含地将波动方程的高频射线渐近性与射线相关成像条件相结合。声波产生对地下分辨率的固有限制（例如，源带宽），地下传播（例如，衰减），以及记录（例如，接收器阵列和孔径）已经被广泛地研究。本文研究成像条件的选择如何（或是否）影响分辨率。我们将特别看到，偏移子波拉伸现象，其中倾斜反射体的垂直分辨率优先通过偏移降低，既不是成像条件的伪影，也不是倾斜反射体的分辨率降低。实际上，我们将发现，在叠前数据的地震成像中，陡倾反射层最终比水平反射层分辨率更好。
Classical wave‐equation migration of seismic data combines both acoustic wave propagation and an imaging condition to produce a subsurface section. Integral methods implicitly combine high‐frequency ray asymptotics of the wave equation with a ray‐dependent imaging condition. The inherent limits on subsurface resolution imposed by acoustic‐wave generation (e.g., source bandwidth), subsurface propagation (e.g., attenuation), and recording (e.g., receiver arrays and aperture) have been studied extensively. This article studies how (or whether) the choice of imaging condition affects resolution. We will see in particular that the phenomenon of migration wavelet stretch, wherein the vertical resolution of steeply dipping reflectors is preferentially lowered by migration, is neither an artifact of an imaging condition nor a reduction of resolution on steeply dipping reflectors. In fact, we will discover that in seismic imaging of prestack data, steeply dipping reflectors are ultimately better resolved than hori...