A developmental examination of gender differences in brain engagement during evaluation of threat
A developmental examination of gender differences in brain engagement during evaluation of threat
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.02.013
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发表时间：
2004-06-01
影响因子：
10.6
通讯作者：
Pine, DS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McClure, EB;Monk, CS;Pine, DS
背景：与男性相比，女性似乎对包括威胁信号在内的社会暗示更加敏感和敏感。最近的理论模型表明，大脑功能的发育变化在这种性别差异的出现中起着重要作用。方法：我们使用功能性磁共振成像来检查被认为介导对描绘不同程度威胁的情绪化面孔的注意的神经结构激活的发育和性别差异。分析的重点是眶额皮质、杏仁核和前扣带皮层在评估面部传达的威胁时的作用。健康的青少年（17.53%的男性）和成年人（17.53%的男性）在评估中性和情绪化（愤怒、恐惧或快乐）面孔的威胁性图片时被扫描。结果：结果表明，在显性威胁监测中，年龄、性别和面部类型对激活有显著的交互作用。特别是成年女性选择性地激活眼窝额叶皮层和杏仁核，以明确的威胁（愤怒）线索，而成年男性则表现出较少的选择性激活模式。青少年没有明显的性别差异，他们作为一个群体与成年男性相似。结论：这些发现表明，在神经反应模式上存在性别差异，这种差异直到成年后才完全显现出来。
Background: Females appear to be more sensitive and responsive to social cues, including threat signals, than are males. Recent theoretical models suggest that developmental changes in brain functioning play important roles in the emergence of such gender differences.Methods: We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine developmental and gender differences in activation of neural structures thought to mediate attention to emotional faces depicting varying degrees of threat. Analyses focused on the orbitofrontal cortex, amygdala, and anterior cingulate cortex during the evaluation of threat conveyed by faces. Healthy adolescents (n = 17.53% male) and adults (n = 17; 53% male) were scanned while they rated how threatening pictures of neutral and emotional (angry, fearful, or happy) faces appeared.Results: Results indicate significant interactions among aged, gender, and,face type for activation during explicit threat monitoring. In particular adult women activated orbitofrontal cortex and amygdala selectively to unambiguous threat (angry) cues, while adult men showed a less discriminating pattern of activation. No gender differences were evident for adolescents, who as a group resembled adult males.Conclusions: These findings suggest that there are gender differences in patterns of neural responses to emotional laces that are not fully apparent until adulthood.