Laboratory Mice Are Frequently Colonized with Staphylococcus aureus and Mount a Systemic Immune Response-Note of Caution for In vivo Infection Experiments.
Laboratory Mice Are Frequently Colonized with Staphylococcus aureus and Mount a Systemic Immune Response-Note of Caution for In vivo Infection Experiments.
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DOI：
10.3389/fcimb.2017.00152
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Holtfreter S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Schulz D;Grumann D;Trübe P;Pritchett-Corning K;Johnson S;Reppschläger K;Gumz J;Sundaramoorthy N;Michalik S;Berg S;van den Brandt J;Fister R;Monecke S;Uy B;Schmidt F;Bröker BM;Wiles S;Holtfreter S
小鼠是否是S.金黄色葡萄球菌感染和疫苗接种的研究是一个有争议的问题，因为他们不被认为是自然宿主的S。金黄色。我们以前确定了一个小鼠适应的S。金黄色葡萄球菌菌株，该菌株在实验室小鼠中引起感染。这就提出了一个问题，即实验室小鼠是否普遍存在沙门氏菌。金黄色葡萄球菌，以及这是否会影响感染实验。商业供应商的公开健康报告显示，S。金黄色葡萄球菌的定植相当频繁，在无特定病原体的小鼠中的比率高达21%。在动物设施中，S.金黄色葡萄球菌很容易从父母传染给后代，后代变得持续定植。在99只小鼠S.来自Charles River实验室的金黄色葡萄球菌分离物一半属于谱系CC88（54.5%），其次是CC15、CC5、CC188和CC8。人与鼠S.金黄色葡萄球菌分离株揭示了宿主适应的特征。详细地说，小鼠品系缺乏hlb转化基因和编码超抗原的移动的遗传元件，并且通常对氨苄青霉素敏感。此外，鼠CC88分离物比人CC88分离物更快地凝固小鼠血浆。重要的是，S。金黄色葡萄球菌定殖明确地引发小鼠免疫系统，诱导对许多金黄色葡萄球菌特异性的全身IgG应答。金黄色葡萄球菌蛋白，包括几种疫苗候选物。磷脂酶C是一种很有前途的检测抗原。金黄色葡萄球菌在实验室小鼠中的定植。实验小鼠是S.金黄色葡萄球菌，因此，可以提供比以前假设的更好的感染模型。预先暴露于细菌可能是S.金黄色葡萄球菌感染和疫苗接种研究，并应监测。
Whether mice are an appropriate model for S. aureus infection and vaccination studies is a matter of debate, because they are not considered as natural hosts of S. aureus. We previously identified a mouse-adapted S. aureus strain, which caused infections in laboratory mice. This raised the question whether laboratory mice are commonly colonized with S. aureus and whether this might impact on infection experiments. Publicly available health reports from commercial vendors revealed that S. aureus colonization is rather frequent, with rates as high as 21% among specific-pathogen-free mice. In animal facilities, S. aureus was readily transmitted from parents to offspring, which became persistently colonized. Among 99 murine S. aureus isolates from Charles River Laboratories half belonged to the lineage CC88 (54.5%), followed by CC15, CC5, CC188, and CC8. A comparison of human and murine S. aureus isolates revealed features of host adaptation. In detail, murine strains lacked hlb-converting phages and superantigen-encoding mobile genetic elements, and were frequently ampicillin-sensitive. Moreover, murine CC88 isolates coagulated mouse plasma faster than human CC88 isolates. Importantly, S. aureus colonization clearly primed the murine immune system, inducing a systemic IgG response specific for numerous S. aureus proteins, including several vaccine candidates. Phospholipase C emerged as a promising test antigen for monitoring S. aureus colonization in laboratory mice. In conclusion, laboratory mice are natural hosts of S. aureus and therefore, could provide better infection models than previously assumed. Pre-exposure to the bacteria is a possible confounder in S. aureus infection and vaccination studies and should be monitored.