The intersection of intimate partner violence against women and HIV/AIDS: a review.
The intersection of intimate partner violence against women and HIV/AIDS: a review.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/17457300802423224
复制
发表时间：
2008-12
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Wagman J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Campbell JC;Baty ML;Ghandour RM;Stockman JK;Francisco L;Wagman J
这项研究的目的是审查关于亲密伴侣对妇女的暴力行为与艾滋病毒感染风险之间关系的原始研究，并强调进行新研究和制定方案的机会。在过去的十年（1998-2007）中，对12岁及以上的异性恋女性进行了71篇原创的同行评议研究。如果研究将亲密伴侣对妇女的暴力行为和艾滋病毒/艾滋病作为相互的风险因素加以处理，就有资格纳入研究。IPV和艾滋病毒感染在全球妇女中的流行程度各不相同，但女性感染IPV和性传播/艾滋病毒的风险仍然较高，无论是独立的还是同时发生的。血清阴性和阳性妇女之间的比较因地理区域而异；非洲艾滋病毒阳性妇女报告的受害率较高，而美国艾滋病毒阳性妇女的调查结果则不一致。在不同人群中进行的研究表明，艾滋病毒风险、终生接触暴力和药物使用之间存在着一种暂时和生物学上复杂的关系，这种关系因性别和性决策规范而进一步复杂化。与暴力有关的创伤后应激障碍和共病抑郁症对艾滋病毒获得免疫和艾滋病毒疾病进展之间的可能联系值得进一步调查。与IPV相关的性风险通过男性和女性的行为、暴力的生理后果以及影响妇女的整个生命周期发挥作用。需要对加强传播的机制进行进一步的生理和定性研究；前瞻性研究对于解决因果关系和时间性问题至关重要。预防工作应侧重于减少男性犯下的IPV和亲密伙伴关系中的男性艾滋病毒风险行为。
The objective of this study was to review original research on the intersection of violence against women by intimate partners and risk for HIV infection and highlight opportunities for new research and programme development. Seventy-one articles presenting original, peer-reviewed research conducted with females aged 12 years and older in heterosexual relationships during the past decade (1998–2007) were reviewed. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they addressed intimate partner violence (IPV) against women and HIV/AIDS as mutual risk factors. The prevalence of IPV and HIV infection among women varies globally, but females remain at elevated risk for both IPV and sexually transmitted/HIV infection, independently and concurrently. Comparisons between sero-negative and -positive women varied by geographic region; African HIV-positive women reported higher rates of victimisation while findings were inconsistent for HIV-positive women in the USA. Studies among various populations support the existence of a temporally and biologically complex relationship between HIV risk, lifetime exposure to violence and substance use, which are further complicated by gender and sexual decision-making norms. A possible link between violence-related post traumatic stress disorder and comorbid depression on immunity to HIV acquisition and HIV disease progression warrants further investigation. Sexual risk related to IPV works through both male and female behaviour, physiological consequences of violence and affects women across the lifespan. Further physiological and qualitative research is needed on the mechanisms of enhanced transmission; prospective studies are critical to address issues of causality and temporality. Prevention efforts should focus on the reduction of male-perpetrated IPV and male HIV risk behaviours in intimate partnerships.