Live-Attenuated Bacterial Vectors: Tools for Vaccine and Therapeutic Agent Delivery.
Live-Attenuated Bacterial Vectors: Tools for Vaccine and Therapeutic Agent Delivery.
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DOI：
10.3390/vaccines3040940
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发表时间：
2015-11-10
期刊：
影响因子：
7.8
通讯作者：
Smooker PM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lin IY;Van TT;Smooker PM
基因减毒微生物，包括病原菌和共生菌，可以被设计为携带和递送异源抗原，以引发宿主针对载体以及供体基因来源的病原体的免疫。这些活的减毒细菌载体由于能够诱导广泛的免疫反应（包括局部粘膜以及全身体液和/或细胞介导的免疫）而受到广泛关注。此外，这些细菌载体独特的肿瘤归巢特性也被用于替代抗肿瘤疫苗和疗法。在这种方法中，肿瘤相关抗原、免疫刺激分子、抗肿瘤药物或核苷酸（DNA 或 RNA）被递送。不同的潜在载体适合特定的应用，具体取决于其致病途径。在这篇综述中，我们调查和总结了不同类型活细菌载体的主要特征，并讨论了其在疫苗学领域的临床应用。此外，还讨论了使用减毒活细菌载体进行抗癌治疗的不同方法，并概述了该领域一些有前景的临床前和临床研究。
Genetically attenuated microorganisms, including pathogenic and commensal bacteria, can be engineered to carry and deliver heterologous antigens to elicit host immunity against both the vector as well as the pathogen from which the donor gene is derived. These live attenuated bacterial vectors have been given much attention due to their capacity to induce a broad range of immune responses including localized mucosal, as well as systemic humoral and/or cell-mediated immunity. In addition, the unique tumor-homing characteristics of these bacterial vectors has also been exploited for alternative anti-tumor vaccines and therapies. In such approach, tumor-associated antigen, immunostimulatory molecules, anti-tumor drugs, or nucleotides (DNA or RNA) are delivered. Different potential vectors are appropriate for specific applications, depending on their pathogenic routes. In this review, we survey and summarize the main features of the different types of live bacterial vectors and discussed the clinical applications in the field of vaccinology. In addition, different approaches for using live attenuated bacterial vectors for anti-cancer therapy is discussed, and some promising pre-clinical and clinical studies in this field are outlined.