A snapshot of the global drinking water virome: Diversity and metabolic potential vary with residual disinfectant use
A snapshot of the global drinking water virome: Diversity and metabolic potential vary with residual disinfectant use
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DOI：
10.1016/j.watres.2022.118484
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发表时间：
2022-04-30
期刊：
影响因子：
12.8
通讯作者：
Duhaime, Melissa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hegarty, Bridget;Dai, Zihan;Duhaime, Melissa
病毒是微生物群落生态和进化的重要驱动力，影响微生物死亡率、代谢和水平基因转移。然而，在许多环境中，包括饮用水系统中，病毒的影响在很大程度上仍然未知。饮用水宏基因组研究提供了细菌对水质影响的整个社区视角，但尚未考虑病毒的影响。在这项研究中，我们通过从全球六个国家的分配系统中公开的饮用水宏基因组中挖掘病毒DNA序列来解决这一差距。这些数据集提供了全球饮用水病毒组的分类多样性和代谢潜力的快照;并提供了一个机会来调查地理，气候和饮用水处理实践对病毒多样性的影响。发现环境条件和样品处理的差异都会影响病毒组成。使用游离氯作为残留消毒剂与病毒分类多样性和代谢潜力的明显差异相关，与在没有残留消毒剂的分配系统中观察到的相比，病毒种群明显减少，病毒群落结构更不均匀。此外，饮用水病毒携带抗生素抗性基因（ARG），以及在氧化应激和氮限制下生存的基因。通过这项研究，我们已经证明，在饮用水系统中，病毒群落是多样的，并且随着残留消毒剂的使用而变化。我们的研究结果为未来的研究提供了方向，以更深入地了解饮用水分配系统中病毒-细菌相互作用如何影响水质。
Viruses are important drivers of microbial community ecology and evolution, influencing microbial mortality, metabolism, and horizontal gene transfer. However, the effects of viruses remain largely unknown in many environments, including in drinking water systems. Drinking water metagenomic studies have offered a whole community perspective of bacterial impacts on water quality, but have not yet considered the influences of viruses. In this study, we address this gap by mining viral DNA sequences from publicly available drinking water metagenomes from distribution systems in six countries around the world. These datasets provide a snapshot of the taxonomic diversity and metabolic potential of the global drinking water virome; and provide an opportunity to investigate the effects of geography, climate, and drinking water treatment practices on viral diversity. Both environmental conditions and differences in sample processing were found to influence the viral composition. Using free chlorine as the residual disinfectant was associated with clear differences in viral taxonomic diversity and metabolic potential, with significantly fewer viral populations and less even viral community structures than observed in distribution systems without residual disinfectant. Additionally, drinking water viruses carry antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), as well as genes to survive oxidative stress and nitrogen limitation. Through this study, we have demonstrated that viral communities are diverse across drinking water systems and vary with the use of residual disinfectant. Our findings offer directions for future research to develop a more robust understanding of how virus-bacteria interactions in drinking water distribution systems affect water quality.