Strategic entry to regional air cargo market under joint competition of demand and promised delivery time
Strategic entry to regional air cargo market under joint competition of demand and promised delivery time
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需求与承诺时效共同竞争下战略进入支线航空货运市场
DOI：
10.1016/j.trb.2017.08.002
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Niu Baozhuang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wang Fan;Zhuo Xiaopo;Niu Baozhuang
在航空货运业中，干线运输和支线运输是相辅相成的服务，构成了航空货运服务供应链。近年来，许多主线运营商纷纷战略性地进入上游区域承载服务市场，提供“一站式”服务，与现有的区域运营商展开竞争。请注意，承诺交付时间(PDT)竞争在该行业中是基本且常见的。我们使用联合需求和PDT竞争模型来研究MC的进入决策。我们考察了进入模式(完全控股或合资)对均衡利润和渠道结构的影响，并刻画了MC与现有RC之间的下游竞争和垂直合作的价值。有趣的是，我们发现MC的上游进入可能会导致MC和现任RC的AWIN-WIN情况，或者也可能是损失状况。比较有无PDT竞争双方的利润，我们发现多维竞争可能会削弱上游进入对在位RC的负面影响，从而对MC产生极大的优势和PDT劣势。我们还发现，无论有没有PDT竞争，完全控制的进入模式都是一种有利的策略。此外，通过假设PDT的功率分布，我们发现服务费率的增加可以导致MC的更低价格和更短的PDT报价。服务费率的(N)降低(增加)强化(削弱)了PDT的劣势，并且这种影响在完全控制的进入模式下得到了加强。我们还考察了Bertrand模型，刻画了联合价格和PDT竞争下的进入效应和MC的进入决策。
In air cargo industry, mainline carrying and regional carrying are complementary services that form an air cargo service supply chain. Recently, many mainline carriers (MCs) have strategically entered upstream regional carrying service market to offer “one-stop-delivery” service and hence, competed with incumbent regional carriers (RCs). Note that promised delivery time (PDT)competition is essential and common in this industry. We study a MC's entry decision using a joint demand and PDT competition model. We investigate the entry mode issue (fully-controlled or joint-venture), which influences the equilibrium profits and channel structure, and characterize the value ofupstream competitionandvertical cooperationbetween the MC and incumbent RC. Interestingly, we find that the MC's upstream entry can result in awin-winsituation, or alose-losesituation for the MC and the incumbent RC. Comparing parties’ profits with and without PDT competition, we find that multi-dimensional competition mayweakenthe negative effect of upstream entry on the incumbent RC, resulting in aprice advantageandPDT disadvantagefor the MC. We also find that a fully-controlled entry mode is always adominantstrategy with or without PDT competition. Moreover, by assuming power distribution of the PDT, we find that the increase in service rate can result in a lower price and shorter PDT quotation for the MC. A(n) decrease (increase) of service rate strengthens (weakens) the PDT disadvantage, and this effect is strengthened with fully-controlled entry mode. We also examine Bertrand models and characterize the entry effects and the MC's entry decisions under joint price and PDT competition.