Access to green space, physical activity and mental health: a twin study.
Access to green space, physical activity and mental health: a twin study.
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获得绿色空间，体育锻炼和心理健康：一项双胞胎研究。
DOI：
10.1136/jech-2014-204667
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发表时间：
2015-06
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Duncan GE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cohen-Cline H;Turkheimer E;Duncan GE
日益加剧的全球城市化导致世界上更大比例的人口暴露在城市地区特有的风险因素中，了解这些因素对公共卫生的影响至关重要。这项研究的目的是调查成年双胞胎中获得绿地与心理健康之间的联系。我们使用了来自社区华盛顿大学双胞胎注册处的同性双胞胎(4338人)的多级随机截取模型来分析绿地准入与自我报告的抑郁、压力和焦虑之间的关联。绿地的获取通过归一化差异植被指数来衡量。感兴趣的主要参数是同卵双胞胎(同卵双胞胎，MZ)的配对效应，因为它不会受到遗传或共同童年环境因素的影响。模型根据收入、体力活动、社区贫困和人口密度进行了调整。当将双胞胎视为单独的个体而不是双胞胎的成员时，绿色空间与每个心理健康结果显著负相关。在配对内MZ单变量和调整后的模型中，与抑郁的相关性仍然显著；然而，在调整了收入和体力活动的模型中，没有针对压力或焦虑的配对内MZ效应。这些结果表明，更多地进入绿地与较少的抑郁相关，但提供的证据较少，表明对压力或焦虑的影响。了解邻里关系特征与心理健康之间的联系机制具有重要的公共卫生意义。未来的研究应该结合双胞胎设计和纵向数据，以加强因果推断。
Increasing global urbanisation has resulted in a greater proportion of the world’s population becoming exposed to risk factors unique to urban areas, and understanding these effects on public health is essential. The aim of this study was to examine the association between access to green space and mental health among adult twin pairs. We used a multilevel random intercept model of same-sex twin pairs (4338 individuals) from the community-based University of Washington Twin Registry to analyse the association between access to green space, as measured by the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index and self-reported depression, stress, and anxiety. The main parameter of interest was the within-pair effect for identical (monozygotic, MZ) twins because it was not subject to confounding by genetic or shared childhood environment factors. Models were adjusted for income, physical activity, neighbourhood deprivation and population density. When treating twins as individuals and not as members of a twin pair, green space was significantly inversely associated with each mental health outcome. The association with depression remained significant in the within-pair MZ univariate and adjusted models; however, there was no within-pair MZ effect for stress or anxiety among the models adjusted for income and physical activity. These results suggest that greater access to green space is associated with less depression, but provide less evidence for effects on stress or anxiety. Understanding the mechanisms linking neighbourhood characteristics to mental health has important public health implications. Future studies should combine twin designs and longitudinal data to strengthen causal inference.