The ability of Drosophila hybrids to locate food declines with parental divergence.
The ability of Drosophila hybrids to locate food declines with parental divergence.
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果蝇杂交体寻找食物的能力随着亲本分歧而下降。
DOI：
10.1111/evo.13180
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Matute,DanielR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Turissini,DavidA;Comeault,AaronA;Liu,Geoffrey;Lee,YuhChwenG;Matute,DanielR
杂交种的适应性通常不如其亲本物种，其适应性下降的机制可以通过不同的性状表现出来。例如，杂交种可能具有生理、行为或生态缺陷，而这些缺陷可能会在其亲本物种之间产生生殖隔离。然而，尽管有孤立的研究表明杂种中的行为缺陷不仅是可能的，而且可能是普遍存在的，但除杂种不育和不可存活之外的合子后隔离机制的进化速度在很大程度上仍未得到研究。在这里，我们研究了一种基本的动物行为——个体寻找食物的能力——并测试了这种行为在杂交动物中分解的速度。我们测量了 94 对果蝇物种的杂交体寻找食物的能力，结果表明，这种能力随着亲本物种之间遗传差异的增加而减弱，并且雄性杂交体比雌性受到更强烈（和负面）的影响。我们的研究结果量化了杂种功能障碍在果蝇不同辐射范围内的进化速度，并强调了未来研究影响杂种找到合适的喂养和繁殖基质的能力的遗传和神经机制的必要性。
Hybrids are generally less fit than their parental species, and the mechanisms underlying their fitness reductions can manifest through different traits. For example, hybrids can have physiological, behavioral, or ecological defects, and these defects can generate reproductive isolation between their parental species. However, the rate that mechanisms of postzygotic isolation other than hybrid sterility and inviability evolve has remained largely uninvestigated, despite isolated studies showing that behavioral defects in hybrids are not only possible but might be widespread. Here, we study a fundamental animal behavior—the ability of individuals to find food—and test the rate at which it breaks down in hybrids. We measured the ability of hybrids from 94 pairs ofDrosophilaspecies to find food and show that this ability decreases with increasing genetic divergence between the parental species and that male hybrids are more strongly (and negatively) affected than females. Our findings quantify the rate that hybrid dysfunction evolves across the diverse radiation ofDrosophilaand highlights the need for future investigations of the genetic and neurological mechanisms that affect a hybrid's ability to find a suitable substrate on which to feed and breed.