Experimental Verifications and Applications of 3D-DDA in Movement Characteristics and Disaster Processes of Rockfalls
Experimental Verifications and Applications of 3D-DDA in Movement Characteristics and Disaster Processes of Rockfalls
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DOI：
10.1007/s00603-021-02394-2
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发表时间：
2021-02
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Guoyang Liu;Junjie Li;Zhuangzhuang Wang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Guoyang Liu;Junjie Li;Zhuangzhuang Wang
落石是山区和沿着工程边坡的主要灾害。充分了解落石运动的特征和过程，对于落石灾害评价和防治措施设计都具有重要意义。采用三维非连续变形分析方法（3D-DDA）对崩塌落石的运动特征和灾害过程进行了研究，并通过野外试验验证了该方法的有效性。建立了一套专门用于实验的装置，包括释放装置和双目立体视觉系统。在西藏大学校园内，三种不同形状和大小的石块被释放在三种不同倾角的斜坡上。研究了横偏、静止位置、跳跃高度、动能演化等运动特征指标。将试验结果与3D-DDA结果进行对比，研究落石运动特性。在此基础上，应用三维离散元分析方法对青藏高原某大型边坡落石进行数值模拟，进一步分析落石的破坏过程和运动特征。结果表明，三维DDA方法能有效地模拟落石在时间和空间上的整个失稳和运动过程。通过3D-DDA数值模拟，可以充分了解落石现象和行为。通过对落石运动轨迹和落石动能的分析，可以实现落石灾害的预测和防护措施的合理设计。
Rockfalls are a major hazard in mountain areas and along engineering slopes. It is important to fully understand the characteristics and processes of rockfall movements, both for hazard assessment and countermeasure design. This study focused on the movement characteristics and disaster processes of rockfalls by three-dimensional discontinuous deformation analysis (3D-DDA), the effectiveness of which was verified by outdoor experiments. An apparatus specifically built for the experiments was established, which included a releasing device and a binocular camera stereovision system. Blocks of three different shapes and sizes were released on slopes with three different inclinations on the campus of Tibet University. The indices of the movement characteristics of the blocks, such as lateral deviation, resting position, jumping height, and kinetic energy evolution, were investigated. The experimental results were compared with those of the 3D-DDA, so as to study the rockfall movement characteristics. On this basis, the 3D-DDA was applied to simulate a large-scale slope rockfall on the Tibetan Plateau, and the rockfall failure processes and movement characteristics were further analyzed. The results showed that the 3D-DDA method could effectively simulate the entire rockfall process in time and space, including instability and movement. Through the 3D-DDA numerical simulations, rockfall phenomena and behaviors could be fully understood. Furthermore, by analyzing the trajectories and kinetic energies of a rockfall, the prediction of rockfall disasters and the reasonable design of protective countermeasures could be realized.