Quantifying individual specialization using tracking data: a case study on two species of albatrosses
Quantifying individual specialization using tracking data: a case study on two species of albatrosses
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DOI：
10.1007/s00227-018-3408-x
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发表时间：
2018-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Rodrigues, A. S. L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bonnet-Lebrun, A. -S.;Phillips, R. A.;Rodrigues, A. S. L.
许多空间和时间分布的预测模型（例如，对气候变化或物种引进的反应）假设物种有一个适用于所有个体的环境生态位。然而，越来越多的证据表明，个体的环境偏好可能比物种生态位更窄。这种个人专业化主要是在饮食利基方面进行了研究，但最近增加的个人运动数据的可用性打开了这些分析的可能性，以专业化的环境偏好。然而，迄今为止，没有任何关于个人专业化的研究考虑了环境生态位的多维性。在这里，我们提出了一种新的方法，同时在多个维度量化个人专业化。我们比较了每个人的n维环境生态位空间中的超体积对人口，测试对零模型的显着差异。同样的方法也可以应用于二维地理空间来测试站点保真度。我们应用这种方法来测试个人的环境专业化（在三个方面：海面温度，涡流动能，深度）和卫星跟踪黑眉信天翁（Thalassarche melanophris）和灰头信天翁（Thalassarche chrysostoma）之间的网站保真度，在南格鲁吉亚养鸡。我们发现的证据，网站保真度在这两个物种和环境专业化之间的个人灰头信天翁，但不是黑眉。专业化可以影响受自然和人为环境变化影响的人口的恢复力，因此对人口动态和保护具有影响。
Many predictive models of spatial and temporal distribution (e.g. in response to climate change or species introductions) assume that species have one environmental niche that applies to all individuals. However, there is growing evidence that individuals can have environmental preferences that are narrower than the species niche. Such individual specialization has mainly been studied in terms of dietary niches, but a recent increase in the availability of individual movement data opens the possibility of extending these analyses to specialisation in environmental preferences. Yet, no study to date on individual specialisation has considered the environmental niche in its multidimensionality. Here we propose a new method for quantifying individual specialisation in multiple dimensions simultaneously. We compare the hypervolumes in n-dimensional environmental niche space of each individual against that of the population, testing for significant differences against a null model. The same method can be applied to a 2-dimensional geographic space to test for site fidelity. We applied this method to test for individual environmental specialisation (across three dimensions: sea surface temperature, eddy kinetic energy, depth) and for site fidelity among satellite-tracked black-browed albatrosses (Thalassarche melanophris) and grey-headed albatrosses (Thalassarche chrysostoma), during chick-rearing at South Georgia. We found evidence for site fidelity in both species and of environmental specialisation among individual grey-headed but not black-browed albatrosses. Specialisation can affect the resilience of populations affected by natural and anthropogenic changes in the environment, and hence has implications for population dynamics and conservation.