Rabies and rabies-research: Past, present and future
Rabies and rabies-research: Past, present and future
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DOI：
10.1016/s0264-410x(96)00312-x
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发表时间：
1997-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Fu, ZF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fu, ZF
狂犬病可能是有记录以来人类最古老的传染病。巴斯德研制出第一种狂犬病疫苗时，人们肯定希望借此消除或至少大幅降低狂犬病的发病率。然而，这一目标尚未实现，因为狂犬病在许多动物宿主中存在，包括家养动物和野生动物。狂犬病的致病性仍有许多方面不为人知。例如，我们无法解释其漫长的潜伏期（可长达6年）。此外，新的狂犬病感染模式给流行病学家和病毒学家都带来了问题。有几例人类狂犬病病例并无被咬伤的病史。尽管存在这些持续的问题，在狂犬病控制方面已经取得了巨大进展。已经研制出了廉价且安全的动物及人类疫苗。用重组狂犬病病毒疫苗对野生动物进行口服免疫正开始降低狐狸和浣熊的狂犬病发病率。对流浪狗进行疫苗接种可能会在犬类狂犬病是人类感染唯一来源的国家根除狂犬病。（C）1997年爱思唯尔科学有限公司
Rabies is probably the oldest recorded infection of mankind. The development of the first rabies vaccine by Pasteur surely had been hoped to eliminate or at least drastically reduce its incidence. However, this goal has not been achieved because rabies is maintained in many animal reservoirs, including both domestic and wild. There are still many aspects of the pathogenicity of rabies that are unknown. For example, we have no explanation for the long incubation period (up to 6 years). Furthermore, new patterns of rabies infection present a problem for epidemiologists and virologists alike. There are several cases of human rabies in which there was no history of a bite. Despite these continuing problems, there has been tremendous progress in the control of rabies. Cheap and safe vaccines for animals as well as humans have been developed. Oral vaccination of wildlife with recombinant rabies virus vaccines is beginning to reduce the incidence of rabies among foxes and raccoons. Vaccination of stray dogs could lead to the eradication of rabies in countries where dog rabies is the sole source of human exposure. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd.