Characterization of the adhesive from Cuvierian tubules of the sea cucumber Holothuria forskali (Echinodermata, Holothuroidea)
Characterization of the adhesive from Cuvierian tubules of the sea cucumber Holothuria forskali (Echinodermata, Holothuroidea)
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DOI：
10.1007/s10126-002-0049-2
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发表时间：
2003-01-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Flammang, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DeMoor, S;Waite, JH;Flammang, P
海参拥有一种特殊的防御系统：所谓的立方体小管。当动物受到机械刺激时，该系统被动员，导致少数白色细丝，即小管的放电。它们的粘附性很强，再加上它们的高抗张强度，使得立方管能够缠绕并固定潜在的捕食者。通过研究机械剥离Cuvierian小管后在底物上留下的指纹，研究了Forskali种Cuvierian小管粘附剂的细胞来源和组成。使用针对小管印记材料的多克隆抗体来定位小管印记成分的来源。在间皮颗粒细胞的分泌颗粒中检测到广泛的免疫反应，表明它们的分泌物构成了粘附物的大部分。小管打印材料由60%的蛋白质和40%的碳水化合物组成，这一成分在海洋无脊椎动物的粘性分泌物中是独一无二的。虽然它是高度不溶的，但这种材料的一小部分可以用变性缓冲液提取。电泳分析表明，该提取物含有约10种蛋白质，表观分子质量在17~220 kDa之间，氨基酸组成密切相关，富含酸性氨基酸和小分子侧链氨基酸。Forskali Cuvierian小管的粘合剂与许多海洋生物粘合剂和结构生物材料具有相同的特征。
Sea cucumbers possess a peculiar specialized defense system: the so-called Cuvierian tubules. The system is mobilized when the animal is mechanically stimulated, resulting in the discharge of a few white filaments, the tubules. Their great adhesivity, combined with their high tensile strength, allows Cuvierian tubules to entangle and immobilize potential predators. The cellular origin and composition of the Cuvierian tubule adhesive were investigated in the species Holothuria forskali by studying prints left on the substratum after mechanical detachment of the tubule. Polyclonal antibodies raised against tubule print material were used to locate the origin of tubule print constituents in the tubules. Extensive immunoreactivity was detected in the secretory granules of mesothelial granular cells, suggesting that their secretions make up the bulk of the adhesive material. Tubule print material consists of 60% proteins and 40% carbohydrates, a composition that is unique among the adhesive secretions of marine invertebrates. Although it is highly insoluble, a small fraction of this material can be extracted using denaturing buffers. Electrophoretic analysis of the extracts revealed that it contains about 10 proteins with apparent molecular masses ranging from 17 to 220 kDa and with closely related amino acid compositions, rich in acidic and in small side-chain amino acids. The adhesive from the Cuvierian tubules of H. forskali shares these characteristics with many marine bioadhesives and structural biomaterials.