Grassland restoration characteristics influence phylogenetic and taxonomic structure of plant communities and suggest assembly mechanisms
Grassland restoration characteristics influence phylogenetic and taxonomic structure of plant communities and suggest assembly mechanisms
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DOI：
10.1111/1365-2745.13250
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发表时间：
2019-09-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Jones, Holly P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barber, Nicholas A.;Farrell, Anna K.;Jones, Holly P.
1. 群落结构的系统发育和基于物种的分类学描述可以提供关于驱动不同环境中群落组装的机制的补充信息。在利基保守主义的假设下，环境过滤可能对分类学和系统发育多样性产生类似的影响，而竞争排斥可能会在这些多样性指标中产生对比模式。在草原恢复中，这些多样性模式可能揭示恢复和管理条件对群落结构影响的潜在组装机制。2．我们从系统发育和分类学的角度比较了植物群落结构（α多样性、组成和位点内β多样性）。通过对美国中西部四个地区 120 个高草草原恢复的调查，我们检查了四个潜在驱动因素或环境梯度的影响：恢复第一年的降水量、种子混合丰富度、自上次规定火灾以来的时间和恢复年龄，并将土壤条件作为协变量。3。第一年降水量影响分类群落结构，但对系统发育多样性和组成影响较弱。同样，更大的种子混合丰富度增加了分类多样性，但不影响系统发育多样性。在较旧的修复体和自上次指定火灾以来时间较长的修复体中，分类学多样性（而非系统发育多样性）通常较低。这些驱动因素一致地解释了分类学变异多于系统发育多样性和组成的变异，部分原因可能是物种更替主要发生在相关物种之间，对系统发育群落测量产生微弱影响。4。降水对分类学而非系统发育多样性的影响表明，分支之间的耐旱性可能不会存在太大差异，而这会导致这种环境过滤器产生系统发育模式。当相关物种之间的竞争最强时，分类多样性的下降而不是系统发育多样性的下降与作为组装机制的竞争排斥是一致的。5．合成。这项研究表明，研究生态系统恢复的分类学和系统发育多样性可以为植物群落生态学提供信息，并帮助自然资源管理者更好地预测恢复行动和管理的结果。
1. Phylogenetic and species-based taxonomic descriptions of community structure may provide complementary information about the mechanisms driving community assembly across different environments. Environmental filtering may have similar effects on taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity under the assumption of niche conservatism, whereas competitive exclusion could produce contrasting patterns in these diversity metrics. In grassland restorations, these diversity patterns might then reveal potential assembly mechanisms underlying the impacts of restoration and management conditions on community structure.2. We compared plant community structure (alpha diversity, composition, and within-site beta diversity) from both phylogenetic and taxonomic perspectives. Using surveys from 120 tallgrass prairie restorations in four regions of the Midwestern United States, we examined the effects of four potential drivers or environmental gradients: precipitation in the first year of restoration, seed mix richness, time since last prescribed fire, and restoration age, and included soil conditions as a covariate.3. First-year precipitation influenced taxonomic community structure, but had weak effects on phylogenetic diversity and composition. Similarly, greater seed mix richness increased taxonomic diversity but did not influence phylogenetic diversity. Taxonomic, but not phylogenetic, diversity generally was lower in older restorations and those with a longer time since the last prescribed fire. These drivers consistently explained more variation in taxonomic than phylogenetic diversity and composition, perhaps in part because species turnover was largely among related species, producing weak impacts on phylogenetic community measures.4. An impact of precipitation on taxonomic but not phylogenetic diversity suggests that there may not be large differences in drought tolerance among clades that would cause phylogenetic patterns to arise from this environmental filter. Declining taxonomic diversity but not phylogenetic diversity is consistent with competitive exclusion as an assembly mechanism when competition is strongest between related species.5. Synthesis. This research shows how studying taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity of ecosystem restorations can inform plant community ecology and help natural resource managers better predict the outcomes of restoration actions and management.