The Concept of Handoff as a Model for Ethical Analysis and Design
The Concept of Handoff as a Model for Ethical Analysis and Design
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作为伦理分析和设计模型的交接概念
DOI：
10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190067397.013.15
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
H. Nissenbaum
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Mulligan;H. Nissenbaum
本章介绍了移交的概念，它提供了一个透镜，通过它来评估社会技术系统的道德和政治方面。它特别适用于一种类型的系统组件替换另一种类型的组件的转换。当代最令人感兴趣的是人工智能接管以前由人类执行的任务的切换实例，例如标记图像，处理和生成自然语言，控制其他机器，预测人类行为（和其他事件）并做出决策。基于过去在设计中的技术和价值的社会研究工作，交接分析模型打破了这样一种想法，即如果系统的组件在功能方面是模块化的，那么用另一个替换一个将使道德和政治维度保持不变。相反，切换透镜突出不同类型的系统组件操作和互操作的不同方式，并且示出这些差异与相应系统中的值的配置相关。移交透镜提供了一种手段，使道德相关的变化突出，否则可能被忽视。
This chapter introduces the concept of handoff, which offers a lens through which to evaluate sociotechnical systems in ethical and political terms. It is particularly tuned to transformations in which system components of one type replace components of another. Of great contemporary interest are handoff instances in which AI take over tasks previously performed by humans, for example, labelling images, processing and producing natural language, controlling other machines, predicting human action (and other events), and make decisions. Grounded in past work in social studies of technology and values in design, the handoff analytical model disrupts the idea that if components of a system are modular in functional terms, replacing one with another will leave ethical and political dimensions intact. Instead, the handoff lens highlights different ways that different types of system components operate and interoperate and shows these differences to be relevant to the configuration of values in respective systems. The handoff lens offers a means to make ethically relevant changes salient that might otherwise be overlooked.
数据食物链上下游的上下文完整性
影响因子：
--
作者：
Nissenbaum, Helen
通讯作者：
Nissenbaum, Helen