Divergence in Thermal Physiology Could Contribute to Vertical Segregation in Intertidal Ecotypes of Littorina saxatilis

Divergence in Thermal Physiology Could Contribute to Vertical Segregation in Intertidal Ecotypes of Littorina saxatilis
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热生理学的差异可能有助于潮间带生态型的垂直分离

DOI:
10.1086/716176
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
1.6
通讯作者:
Dwane C
Dwane C
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dwane C

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热应力是一个潜在的重要的选择剂在潮间带海洋栖息地,但热耐受性可能发挥的作用,在当地的适应跨越海岸高度一直探索不足。西班牙西北部是家庭的两个形态不同的生态型periwinkleLittorina saxatilis,分开的海岸高度和热应力暴露有很大的差异。然而,尽管其他生物和非生物驱动器的生态型隔离正在很好地研究,他们的耐热性还没有以前的特点。我们调查了多个生活史阶段的耐热性,采用热死亡时间(TDT)的方法,以确定(i)是否两个生态型的耐热性不同,以及(ii)任何差异如何随生活史阶段而变化。两种生态类型的成虫的耐热性因其所处的海岸位置而异:海岸生态类型的成虫比海岸生态类型的成虫具有更强的耐热性,前者经历的极端温度更高。这种差异在测试的最高温度下最为明显。这些差异的生理基础是未知的,但可能是由于影响TDT曲线不同部分的性状的多种相互作用。生态型之间的耐受性差异不太明显,在早期的生活史阶段,但随着个体发育增加,这表明在发展过程中,这一特点的部分分歧。耐热性可能在维持两种生态型之间的种群分化和遗传分离方面发挥重要作用,因为低海岸生态型的热敏感性增加可能限制其向高海岸的扩散,从而限制基因流动。
Thermal stress is a potentially important selective agent in intertidal marine habitats, but the role that thermal tolerance might play in local adaptation across shore height has been underexplored. Northwest Spain is home to two morphologically distinct ecotypes of the periwinkleLittorina saxatilis, separated by shore height and subject to substantial differences in thermal stress exposure. However, despite other biotic and abiotic drivers of ecotype segregation being well studied, their thermal tolerance has not been previously characterized. We investigated thermal tolerance across multiple life history stages by employing the thermal death time (TDT) approach to determine (i) whether the two ecotypes differ in thermal tolerance and (ii) how any differences vary with life history stage. Adults of the two ecotypes differed in their thermal tolerance in line with their shore position: the upper-shore ecotype, which experiences more extreme temperatures, exhibited greater endurance of thermal stress compared with the lower-shore ecotype. This difference was most pronounced at the highest temperatures tested. The proximate physiological basis for these differences is unknown but likely due to a multifarious interaction of traits affecting different parts of the TDT curve. Differences in tolerance between ecotypes were less pronounced in early life history stages but increased with ontogeny, suggesting partial divergence of this trait during development. Thermal tolerance could potentially play an important role in maintaining population divergence and genetic segregation between the two ecotypes, since the increased thermal sensitivity of the lower-shore ecotype may limit its dispersal onto the upper shore and so restrict gene flow.
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