Before your very eyes: the value and limitations of eye tracking in medical education
Before your very eyes: the value and limitations of eye tracking in medical education
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DOI：
10.1111/medu.13066
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Jarodzka, Halszka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kok, Ellen M.;Jarodzka, Halszka
ContextMedicine是一门高度可视化的学科。许多专业的医生在诊断和治疗中不断使用视觉信息。然而，他们往往无法解释如何使用这些信息。因此，目前还不清楚如何培养医学生在这种视觉处理。眼动追踪是一种研究技术，可以为这些开放性问题提供答案，因为它使研究人员能够通过测量眼动直接研究这些视觉过程。这可能有助于研究人员了解支持或阻碍特定学习成果的过程。目的在本文中，我们阐明了眼动追踪对医学教育研究人员的价值和局限性。例如，眼动追踪可以澄清医学图像的经验如何介导诊断性能以及学生如何参与学习材料。此外，眼动跟踪也可以直接用于培训的目的，通过显示眼动的专家在medical images.ConclusionsEye运动反映认知过程，但认知过程不能直接从眼动跟踪数据推断。为了正确解释眼动数据，理论模型必须始终是设计实验以及分析和解释眼动数据的基础。眼动追踪数据的解释得到了合理的实验设计和方法三角测量的进一步支持。
ContextMedicine is a highly visual discipline. Physicians from many specialties constantly use visual information in diagnosis and treatment. However, they are often unable to explain how they use this information. Consequently, it is unclear how to train medical students in this visual processing. Eye tracking is a research technique that may offer answers to these open questions, as it enables researchers to investigate such visual processes directly by measuring eye movements. This may help researchers understand the processes that support or hinder a particular learning outcome.AimIn this article, we clarify the value and limitations of eye tracking for medical education researchers. For example, eye tracking can clarify how experience with medical images mediates diagnostic performance and how students engage with learning materials. Furthermore, eye tracking can also be used directly for training purposes by displaying eye movements of experts in medical images.ConclusionsEye movements reflect cognitive processes, but cognitive processes cannot be directly inferred from eye-tracking data. In order to interpret eye-tracking data properly, theoretical models must always be the basis for designing experiments as well as for analysing and interpreting eye-tracking data. The interpretation of eye-tracking data is further supported by sound experimental design and methodological triangulation.