A serpin is required for ectomesoderm, a hallmark of spiralian development
A serpin is required for ectomesoderm, a hallmark of spiralian development
复制标题
外中胚层需要丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂，这是螺旋发育的标志
DOI：
10.1016/j.ydbio.2020.10.011
复制
发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Lambert, J. David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wu, Longjun;Lambert, J. David
在动物中，双胚层细胞包含两个胚层，内胚层和外胚层，而三倍体细胞有明显的第三层胚层，称为中胚层。螺旋虫是一类发育高度保守的三倍体动物：它们共享独特的螺旋分裂模式以及中胚层的独特来源--外胚层。这种中胚层群体不同于内胚层，被认为是螺旋发育的标志，但驱动其发育的调控网络尚不清楚。在这里，我们通过比较对照和去外胚层的胚胎的差异基因表达分析，然后对鉴定的转录本进行原位杂交，在已淘汰的软体动物Tritia(AkaIlyanassa)中鉴定了外胚层特异的基因。我们发现了一个Tritiaserpin基因(ToSerpin1)，它似乎在后部和头部的外胚层中特异表达。切除形成大部分外胚层的3a和3b细胞，取消了ToSerpin1的表达，这与它在这些细胞中的表达一致。吗啉基因敲除ToSerpin1导致外胚层缺陷，最显著的是在幼虫头部的肌肉系统。这是第一个被发现与螺旋状外胚层发育有关的基因。
Among animals, diploblasts contain two germ layers, endoderm and ectoderm, while triploblasts have a distinct third germ layer called the mesoderm. Spiralians are a group of triploblast animals that have highly conserved development: they share the distinctive spiralian cleavage pattern as well as a unique source of mesoderm, the ectomesoderm. This population of mesoderm is distinct from endomesoderm and is considered a hallmark of spiralian development, but the regulatory network that drives its development is unknown. Here we identified ectomesoderm-specific genes in the molluscTritia(akaIlyanassa)obsoletathrough differential gene expression analyses comparing control and ectomesoderm-ablated embryos, followed byin situhybridization of identified transcripts. We identified aTritiaserpin gene (ToSerpin1) that appears to be specifically expressed in the ectomesoderm of the posterior and head. Ablation of the 3a and 3b cells, which make most of the ectomesoderm, abolishesToSerpin1expression, consistent with its expression in these cells. Morpholino knockdown ofToSerpin1causes ectomesoderm defects, most prominently in the muscle system of the larval head. This is the first gene identified that is specifically implicated in spiralian ectomesoderm development.