NEUROTRANSMITTER RELEASE IN THE ACCESSORY OLFACTORY-BULB DURING AND AFTER THE FORMATION OF AN OLFACTORY MEMORY IN MICE
NEUROTRANSMITTER RELEASE IN THE ACCESSORY OLFACTORY-BULB DURING AND AFTER THE FORMATION OF AN OLFACTORY MEMORY IN MICE
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DOI：
10.1016/0306-4522(95)00309-7
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发表时间：
1995-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
KEVERNE, EB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BRENNAN, PA;KENDRICK, KM;KEVERNE, EB
雌性小鼠在交配后的关键时期对交配雄性的信息素形成嗅觉记忆。先前的实验表明，这种记忆背后的神经变化位于副嗅球，依赖于去甲肾上腺素能神经传递，最可能涉及二尖瓣-颗粒细胞相互突触的变化。使用体内微透析技术，我们跟踪了记忆形成之前、期间和之后一系列神经递质的变化。在记忆形成过程中和记忆形成后，谷氨酸挑战导致的GABA水平的增加比记忆形成前更大。在交配雄蜂的信息素作用下，随着记忆的形成，天冬氨酸/GABA比率降低。这些发现与我们的假设一致，即记忆的形成涉及对交配雄性信息素做出反应的二尖瓣细胞子集的抑制长期增加。出人意料的是，在雄性暴露后立即和两天后再次暴露于相同的雄性信息素后，未交配的雌性体内兴奋性递质谷氨酸和天冬氨酸的浓度增加。这些结果表明，单独暴露于雄性信息素，而不与交配相关，导致对这些信息素反应的二尖瓣细胞亚群的抑制控制长期下降。这些结果表明，在副嗅球中可以发生两种类型的突触可塑性。交配和信息素暴露的联系通过在副嗅球水平上增加对信息素信号的抑制来诱导记忆形成，从而防止它们激活神经内分泌阻断到怀孕。没有交配的雄性暴露似乎有相反的效果，减少了信息素信号的抑制，并增强了雄性信息素的发情诱导作用。
Female mice form an olfactory memory to the pheromones of the mating male during a critical period after mating. Previous experiments have shown that the neural changes underlying this memory are located in the accessory olfactory bulb, are dependent on noradrenergic neurotransmission, and most likely involve changes at the mitral-granule cell reciprocal synapses. Using the technique of in vivo microdialysis we have followed changes in a range of neurotransmitters before, during and after memory formation. The increase in GABA levels in response to a glutamate challenge was greater during and after memory formation than before. The aspartate/GABA ratio was decreased following memory formation, during exposure to the pheromones of the mating male. These findings are consistent with our hypothesis that memory formation involves a long-lasting increase in the inhibition of the subset of mitral cells that respond to the mating male's pheromones. Unexpectedly, there were increases in the concentrations of the excitatory transmitters glutamate and aspartate in non-mating females, immediately following male exposure, and two days later in response to re-exposure to the same male pheromones. These results suggest that exposure to male pheromones alone, without the association of mating, causes a long-lasting decrease in the inhibitory control of the subset of mitral cells responding to these pheromones.The implication of these results is that two types of synaptic plasticity can occur in the accessory olfactory bulb. The association of mating and pheromonal exposure induces memory formation by increasing the inhibition of the pheromonal signal at the level of the accessory olfactory bulb, thereby preventing them from activating the neuroendocrine block to pregnancy. Male exposure without mating appears to have the opposite effect, decreasing the inhibition of the pheromonal signal and potentiating the oestrous-inducing effects of the male pheromones.