The Important Role of Osteoblasts and Citrate Production in Bone Formation: "Osteoblast Citration" as a New Concept for an Old Relationship.
The Important Role of Osteoblasts and Citrate Production in Bone Formation: "Osteoblast Citration" as a New Concept for an Old Relationship.
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DOI：
10.2174/1876525401204010027
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Chellaiah, Meena
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Costello, Leslie C;Franklin, Renty B;Chellaiah, Meena
众所周知，在大约70年前，所有脊椎动物的骨骼中都含有独特的高柠檬酸含量。然而，柠檬酸的作用，它的来源，它的调节，以及它在正常骨形成和骨疾病中的意义仍然很大程度上是未知的。在过去的35年里，骨中柠檬酸的关系一直是一个被忽视的关注和研究领域。最近发现，柠檬酸对磷灰石纳米晶的结构至关重要，并需要赋予骨的重要特性，如稳定性、强度和抗折性。这引起了人们对柠檬酸在骨形成中的关系重新产生兴趣和研究的需要。必须解决的一个最根本的问题是“骨骼中柠檬酸的来源是什么？”本报告回顾了有关柠檬酸盐在骨骼中的作用的早期研究现状。这导致了一个新的概念，即成骨细胞作为专门生产柠檬酸盐的细胞，在骨形成中提供柠檬酸盐的来源，即“成骨细胞柠檬化”过程。这也使人们对锌在骨骼中与成骨细胞柠檬酸盐产生的关系的作用有了新的认识。描述了“柠檬酸净产量”的遗传/激素/代谢关系。本报告的目的是为成骨细胞和柠檬酸盐在骨形成中的重要影响提供一个新的视角的背景；这有望激发新的兴趣和必要的研究。
It has been known for about seventy years that bone, in all vertebrates, contains uniquely high citrate levels. However, the role of citrate, its source, its regulation, and its implication in normal bone formation and in bone disorders have remained largely unknown. For the past thirty-five years, the relationship of citrate in bone has been a neglected area of attention and research. It has recently been discovered that citrate is critical for the structure of the apatite nanocrystal, and is required to impart the important properties of bone such as its stability, strength, and resistance to fracture. This brings to focus the need for a renewed interest and research into the relationships of citrate in bone formation. A most fundamental question that must be resolved is "What is the source of citrate in bone?". This presentation provides a historical review of the early research to the present status of citrate implications in bone. This leads to a new concept of the role of osteoblasts as specialized citrate producing cells that provide the source of citrate in bone formation; i.e. the "osteoblast citration" process. This also brings into focus a new insight into the role of zinc in bone in relation to osteoblast citrate production. The genetic/hormonal/metabolic relationships of "net citrate production" are described. The intent of this presentation is to provide the background for a new perspective of the important implications of osteoblasts and citrate in bone formation; which, hopefully, will stimulate a renewed interest and essential research.