Attainable yield achieved for plastic film-mulched maize in response to nitrogen deficit
Attainable yield achieved for plastic film-mulched maize in response to nitrogen deficit
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DOI：
10.1016/j.eja.2014.01.002
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发表时间：
2014-04-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Li, Shi-qing
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bu, Ling-duo;Liu, Jian-liang;Li, Shi-qing
氮素胁迫限制了玉米(Zea Mays L.)产量。在西北部的中国，那里已经被覆盖了地膜。利用试验的杂交玉米模拟模型，结合田间试验，采用4个氮肥水平(0、100、250和400 kg N ha(-1))，研究了地膜覆盖条件下氮素胁迫对玉米产量的影响。结果表明，N250或N400的施用量均为100%模拟潜在叶面积指数，接近生物量和粮食产量模拟潜力的100%。然而，氮素胁迫处理显著降低了生物量和籽粒产量，仅达到模拟潜力(不处理)的40-50%和模拟潜力(N100处理)的70-80%。生长动态测定结果表明，氮素胁迫显著降低了叶面积指数，推迟了吐丝期前后源库容量的增长，降低了最终籽粒数。较低的叶面积指数导致生育期干物质积累和分配减少，导致籽粒生长速率和籽粒灌浆持续时间缩短，从而显著降低籽粒重量。这些知识有助于优化氮素管理，缩小半干旱季风气候地区旱地玉米的产量差距。(C)2014爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
Nitrogen (N) stress limits the yields of maize (Zea mays L.) that have been plastic film-mulched in northwest China. Using the tested Hybrid-Maize simulation model, which was combined with field experiments using four levels of N fertilisers (0, 100,250 and 400 kg N ha(-1)), we aimed to understand the variability of the attainable yield in response to N stress under plastic film mulching. We show that the application of N250 or N400 results in 100% simulated potential LAI, which is, thus, close to 100% of the simulated potential of both biomass and grain yield. However, N stress treatments significantly decreased the biomass and grain yields, achieving only 40-50% of the simulated potential (NO treatment) and 70-80% of the simulated potential (N100 treatment). Growth dynamic measurements showed that N stress significantly decreased the LAI, delaying the source capacity growth (canopies) around the silking stage and resulting in lower final kernel numbers. The lower LAI resulted in decreased dry matter accumulation and allocation during the reproductive stage; this decrease led to a decrease in the kernel growth rate and in the grain filling duration, which resulted in a significantly lower kernel weight. This knowledge could be helpful for the optimisation of N management to close the yield gaps of dryland maize in semi-arid monsoon climate regions. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.