Avenues for increasing salt tolerance of crops, and the role of physiologically based selection traits
Avenues for increasing salt tolerance of crops, and the role of physiologically based selection traits
复制标题
DOI：
10.1023/a:1021119414799
复制
发表时间：
2002-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Hare, RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Munns, R;Husain, S;Hare, RA
在盐碱化风险地区种植的作物需要提高耐盐性。这就需要新的耐盐基因来源，以及更有效的鉴定耐盐种质的技术，以便将新的耐盐基因引入作物品种。筛选大量耐盐基因型并不容易。耐盐性是通过控制盐进入和通过植物的运动来实现的，并且盐对生长的特定影响只有在长时间之后才能看到。对生长和新陈代谢的早期影响可能是由于盐的渗透作用，即土壤溶液中的盐。为了避免长时间种植植物来测量生物量或产量的必要性，实用的选择技术可以基于生理性状。我们说明了这与目前的工作硬质小麦，选择的特点，钠排斥。我们已经探索了广泛的遗传多样性，确定了一个新的钠排斥来源，证实了该性状具有高遗传力，检查了与该性状相关的可能的惩罚，目前正在开发分子标记。这说明了基于合理的生理学原理的标记辅助选择在生产耐盐作物品种中的潜力。
Increased salt tolerance is needed for crops grown in areas at risk of salinisation. This requires new genetic sources of salt tolerance, and more efficient techniques for identifying salt-tolerant germplasm, so that new genes for tolerance can be introduced into crop cultivars. Screening a large number of genotypes for salt tolerance is not easy. Salt tolerance is achieved through the control of salt movement into and through the plant, and salt-specific effects on growth are seen only after long periods of time. Early effects on growth and metabolism are likely due to osmotic effects of the salt, that is to the salt in the soil solution. To avoid the necessity of growing plants for long periods of time to measure biomass or yield, practical selection techniques can be based on physiological traits. We illustrate this with current work on durum wheat, on selection for the trait of sodium exclusion. We have explored a wide range of genetic diversity, identified a new source of sodium exclusion, confirmed that the trait has a high heritability, checked for possible penalties associated with the trait, and are currently developing molecular markers. This illustrates the potential for marker-assisted selection based on sound physiological principles in producing salt-tolerant crop cultivars.