Historical migration and contemporary health
Historical migration and contemporary health
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DOI：
10.1093/oep/gpaa047
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发表时间：
2021-01-06
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Selaya, Pablo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Andersen, Thomas Barnebeck;Dalgaard, Carl-Johan;Selaya, Pablo
我们认为，过去 500 年的移民导致了当代健康结果的差异。我们的分析背后的理论建立在三个生理事实之上。首先，维生素 D 缺乏与全因死亡风险较高直接相关。其次，人类利用阳光 (UV-R) 合成维生素 D 的能力会随着皮肤色素沉着而下降。第三，皮肤色素沉着是维生素 D 缺乏风险较高和皮肤癌风险较低之间进化妥协的结果。当来自高 UV-R 区域的个体迁移到低 UV-R 区域时，维生素 D 缺乏的风险显着增加。我们制定了一项措施，使我们能够从长期的历史角度实证探索此类移民对健康的总体影响。我们发现，过去 50 年移民引起的维生素 D 缺乏的潜在风险是当今总体健康指标的有力预测因素。
We argue that migration during the last 500 years induced differences in contemporary health outcomes. The theory behind our analysis builds on three physiological facts. First, vitamin D deficiency is directly associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality. Second, the ability of humans to synthesize vitamin D from sunlight (UV-R) declines with skin pigmentation. Third, skin pigmentation is the result of an evolutionary compromise between higher risk of vitamin D deficiency and lower risk of skin cancer. When individuals from high UV-R regions migrate to low UV-R regions, the risk of vitamin D deficiency rises markedly. We develop a measure that allows us to empirically explore the aggregate health consequences of such migration in a long historical perspective. We find that the potential risk of vitamin D deficiency induced by migration during the last half millennium is a robust predictor of present-day aggregate health indicators.