Non-host cells in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease: a new paradigm?
Non-host cells in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease: a new paradigm?
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非宿主细胞在自身免疫性疾病发病机制中的作用：新范式？
DOI：
10.1136/ard.58.9.518
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发表时间：
1999
影响因子：
27.4
通讯作者：
Nelson,JL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nelson,JL
健康的女性。选择至少生过一个儿子的妇女，并使用定量直接聚合酶链反应 (PCR) 检测来测试 Y 染色体特异性序列。由于技术原因，对儿子进行了研究，因为能够检测女性宿主中的男性 DNA。（与随附社论的错误陈述相反，任何检测中均未使用巢式 PCR）。与健康女性相比，SSc 女性中男性 DNA 的发现频率更高，数量也更高。 11 在 16 名健康女性中，男性细胞当量范围为 0 至 2，平均值为 0.38。相比之下，患有 SSc 的女性的男性细胞当量范围为 0 至 61，平均值为 11.1（表 1）。两组之间的差异具有统计学显着性，p=0.0007。一些患有 SSc 的女性的男性 DNA 水平高于目前怀有正常男性胎儿的大多数女性，尽管这些患者几十年前就生下了儿子。该研究对所有识别信息均采取盲法，包括患者与对照以及生殖特征。这一观察结果在一项检查 Ssc 患者皮肤微嵌合现象的研究中得到了扩展。 12 该研究是回顾性的，使用巢式 PCR 检测 Y 染色体特异性序列，然后评估患者或对照之前是否生过男孩。巢式 PCR 技术用于通过进行两次连续的 PCR 反应来检测极少量的 DNA，其中第二次反应是在第一次反应的产物上进行的（使用第一组引物内部的第二组引物）。 11 名 SSc 女性取得了阳性结果，而 68 名对照女性则没有取得阳性结果。检测结果呈阳性的女性中，有 9 名生过男孩，1 名只有女儿，但之前曾终止妊娠，还有 1 名怀孕史不明。大多数对照者的怀孕史未知，但至少 30% 的人生了儿子。使用荧光原位杂交检查皮肤活检样本，并在 SSc 患者中报告男性细胞，但在对照中未报告（未提供使用原位杂交研究的对照的怀孕史）。外周血研究虽然不是定量的，但证实了微嵌合现象在 SSc 女性中比对照组更常见的观察结果。前一次怀孕的持续细胞并不能解释男性或从未怀孕过的女性的自身免疫性疾病
healthy women. Women were selected who had given birth to at least one son and a quantitative direct polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was used to test for a Y-chromosome specific sequence. Sons were studied for technical reasons because of the ability to detect male DNA in a female host.(In contrast with the erroneous statement of an accompanying editorial, nested PCR was not used in any assay). Male DNA was found more frequently and at quantitatively greater levels in women with SSc compared with healthy women. 11 Among 16 healthy women the range of male cell equivalents was 0 to 2, mean 0.38. In contrast, women with SSc had a range of 0 to 61 male cell equivalents, mean 11.1 (table 1). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant, p= 0.0007. Some women with SSc had levels of male DNA that were higher than that found in most women who are currently pregnant with a normal male fetus, although the patients had given birth to their sons decades previously. The study was blinded for all identifying information including patient versus control and reproductive characteristics. This observation was extended in a study that examined microchimerism in the skin of patients with Ssc. 12 The study was retrospective, used a nested PCR assay for a Y-chromosome specific sequence, and then evaluated whether patients or controls had previously given birth to a male child. The nested PCR technique is used to detect very small amounts of DNA by conducting two consecutive PCR reactions, the second of which is done on the product from the first (using a second set of primers that are internal to the first set of primers). Eleven women with SSc had positive results compared with none of 68 control women. Nine of the women with positive results had given birth to a male child, one had only daughters but had a prior pregnancy termination, and for one the pregnancy history was unknown. Pregnancy history was unknown for the majority of controls but at least 30% had sons. Skin biopsy samples were examined using fluorescence in situ hybridisation and male cells reported in SSc patients but not in controls (pregnancy history was not provided for controls studied using in situ hybridisation). Peripheral blood studies, although not quantitative, confirmed the observation that microchimerism is more frequently found in women with SSc than controls. Persistent cells from a previous pregnancy do not explain autoimmune disease in men or in women who have never