User Comments: The Transformation of Participatory Space
User Comments: The Transformation of Participatory Space
复制标题
用户评论：参与空间的转变
DOI：
10.1002/9781444340747.ch6
复制
发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zvi Reich
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zvi Reich
曾几何时，当用户生成内容的唯一形式是给编辑的一封信时，记者们迫切需要反馈。历史学家罗伯特·达恩顿（Robert Darnton）在他的杰出的新闻回顾中回忆说，在没有任何反馈的情况下发布新闻故事-无论是来自同行，上级，新闻来源，朋友，甚至是妈妈-可能“就像向无底坑中扔石头一样：你等啊等，但你永远不会听到飞溅”（达恩顿1975：185）。如今，几乎每一条在线新闻都能立即引发用户评论，记者们只能怀念过去那种没有水花的安静日子。这些评论在新闻编辑室里激起了各种有趣的涟漪，本章将详细探讨这些评论。我们在这里将评论作为一个具体的案例研究，不像我们其他章节更笼统地讨论参与式新闻。为什么要特别关注用户的评论？这些评论通常是由一小部分访问新闻网站的人撰写的，而且似乎只有一小部分网站访问者甚至会阅读评论（见Bergstr <$m 2009; Tausig 2009）。此外，它们出现在新闻制作过程的最后阶段，在大多数（如果不是所有的话）新闻决策和任务完成之后的解释阶段。然而，至少有五个主要原因来审视这种参与式新闻形式：
Once upon a time, when the only form of user-generated content was a letter to the editor, journalists were desperate for feedback. Publishing a news story without any feedback, as the historian Robert Darnton recalls in his brilliant journalistic retrospective–be it from peers, superiors, news sources, friends or even mom–could be “like dropping a stone in a bottomless pit: you wait and wait, but you never hear the splash”(Darnton 1975: 185). Today, as the threads of user comments are spun instantly from almost every online news item, journalists can only yearn for the quiet old days when there were no splashes. Those comments create a variety of interesting ripples in the newsroom, and this chapter explores them in some detail. We use comments as a specific case study here, unlike in our other chapters that address participatory journalism more generically.Why pay specific attention to comments from users? They are typically written by only a small fraction of the people who visit a news website, and it appears that only a minority of site visitors even read comments (see Bergstr ö m 2009; Tausig 2009). Moreover, they appear at the tail end of the news production process, at the interpretation stage after most if not all of the journalistic decisions have been made and tasks performed. However, there are at least five major reasons for examining this form of participatory journalism: