Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Viral RNA through Epitranscriptional Modification.
Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Viral RNA through Epitranscriptional Modification.
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DOI：
10.3390/cells10051129
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发表时间：
2021-05-07
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Courtney DG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Courtney DG
近年来，随着技术的进步以及这些残基的重要性逐渐清晰，mRNA 修饰领域一直在稳步发展。然而，一个子领域也出现了，特别关注这些修饰如何影响病毒 RNA，病毒也可以用作模型来最好地确定这些修饰对细胞 mRNA 的作用。首先，病毒学家关注最丰富的内部 mRNA 修饰 m6A，绘制这种修饰图并阐明其对多种 RNA 和 DNA 病毒的 RNA 的影响。接下来，研究了不太常见的 RNA 修饰，包括 m5C、Nm 和 ac4C，它们也存在于病毒 RNA 上。现在看来，病毒 RNA 中散布着大量的 RNA 修饰。在生物系统中，生物系统不断承受着与宿主和新出现的病毒突变体竞争的进化压力，这就提出了一个有趣的问题，即这些修饰提供了哪些进化益处，因为至少对作者来说，这些修饰是被选择的，这似乎是显而易见的。在这篇综述中，我讨论了如何识别病毒 RNA 上的 RNA 修饰，以及目前已发现的这些修饰在病毒复制中的作用。最后，我提出了一些有趣的研究途径，这些途径可能会进一步阐明这些修饰在病毒复制中发挥的确切作用。
The field of mRNA modifications has been steadily growing in recent years as technologies have improved and the importance of these residues became clear. However, a subfield has also arisen, specifically focused on how these modifications affect viral RNA, with the possibility that viruses can also be used as a model to best determine the role that these modifications play on cellular mRNAs. First, virologists focused on the most abundant internal mRNA modification, m6A, mapping this modification and elucidating its effects on the RNA of a wide range of RNA and DNA viruses. Next, less common RNA modifications including m5C, Nm and ac4C were investigated and also found to be present on viral RNA. It now appears that viral RNA is littered with a multitude of RNA modifications. In biological systems that are under constant evolutionary pressure to out compete both the host as well as newly arising viral mutants, it poses an interesting question about what evolutionary benefit these modifications provide as it seems evident, at least to this author, that these modifications have been selected for. In this review, I discuss how RNA modifications are identified on viral RNA and the roles that have now been uncovered for these modifications in regard to viral replication. Finally, I propose some interesting avenues of research that may shed further light on the exact role that these modifications play in viral replication.
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影响因子：
30.3
作者：
Kennedy EM;Bogerd HP;Kornepati AV;Kang D;Ghoshal D;Marshall JB;Poling BC;Tsai K;Gokhale NS;Horner SM;Cullen BR
通讯作者：
Cullen BR
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Durbin AF;Wang C;Marcotrigiano J;Gehrke L
通讯作者：
Gehrke L
影响因子：
12.3
作者：
Amort T;Rieder D;Wille A;Khokhlova-Cubberley D;Riml C;Trixl L;Jia XY;Micura R;Lusser A
通讯作者：
Lusser A
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Hussain S;Sajini AA;Blanco S;Dietmann S;Lombard P;Sugimoto Y;Paramor M;Gleeson JG;Odom DT;Ule J;Frye M
通讯作者：
Frye M
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Edelheit S;Schwartz S;Mumbach MR;Wurtzel O;Sorek R
通讯作者：
Sorek R